摘要
“认识三角形和四边形”是小学数学学习中十分重要的内容.据此,从纵向和横向两个维度对人教版、苏教版和北师版小学数学教材中相应内容进行了分析与比较.通过纵向分析与比较发现,3个版本教材的相同点是直角三角形、长方形以及正方形呈现数量最多,集中分布在四、五年级,且在四边形中,菱形、鸢形、一般梯形和一般四边形出现较少,不同点是不同的三角形和四边形在不同年级的分布不同.通过横向分析与比较发现,3个版本教材在例题内容组织上存在较大差异;在例题的情境创设上,人教版和苏教版情境类型较为一致,而北师版的真实情境相对较少;例题的学习进程大致相同;例题的思维水平主要集中在视觉和分析水平上;习题的内容组织较为相同;习题的问题形式主要是以视觉形式或视觉形式组合其它形式表示为主;习题的问题结构主要以封闭问题和半开放问题为主;习题的思维水平主要集中在视觉、分析和非形式化演绎水平上.因此,教材的编写,需整体把握图形认识的5个维度,兼顾直观认识与数学内容的本质探寻,以及注重学生几何直观与逻辑推理能力的培养.
Understanding triangles and quadrilaterals is a very important topic in primary school mathematics.Accordingly,the corresponding content in the primary school mathematics textbooks of the People’s Education Press Edition,Jiangsu Education Press Edition,and Beijing Normal University Press Edition were analyzed and compared along vertical and horizontal dimensions.Through a vertical analysis and comparison,it was found that a similarity shared by the three editions of the textbook series is that the number of right-angled triangles,rectangles,and squares is the largest,all of which are concentrated in the fourth and fifth grades.Among the quadrilaterals,the rhombus,kite shape,general trapezoid,and general quadrilateral appear more frequently.The difference is that different triangles and quadrilaterals are distributed differently across different grades.Through a horizontal analysis and comparison,it was found that the three editions have big differences in the organization of sample questions;in the context creation of sample questions,the situation types of the People’s Education Edition and the Jiangsu Education Edition are more consistent,whereas the Beijing Normal University Edition has relatively few real situations;the learning process of the sample questions is roughly the same;the thinking level of the sample questions is mainly focused on the visual and analytical level;the content organization of the exercises is relatively similar;the problem form of the exercises is mainly expressed in visual form or a combination of visual form and other representations;the problem structure of the exercises is mainly based on closed and semi-open problems;and the thinking level of the exercises is mainly concentrated on the level of perception,analysis,and informal deduction.Thus,it is recommended that the development of textbooks requires an overall grasp of the five dimensions of graphic understanding,taking into account intuitive understanding and the exploration of the nature of mathematical content while pay
作者
徐文彬
彭亮
任利平
谢春艳
王国红
资安琪
林敏婷
刘艳杰
薛悦
XU Wen-bin;PENG Liang;REN Li-ping;XIE Chun-yan;WANG Guo-hong;ZI An-qi;LIN Min-ting;LIU Yan-jie;XUE Yue(Institute of Curriculum and Teaching,Nanjing Normal University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210097,China;Nanjing Xiaozhuang University,Jiangsu Nanjing 211171,China)
出处
《数学教育学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期1-7,共7页
Journal of Mathematics Education
基金
全国教育科学规划课题——中小学STEM教育基本理论与本土实践问题研究(BHA180126)。
关键词
小学数学教材
人教版
苏教版
北师版
认识三角形和四边形
内容编排分析与比较
primary school mathematics textbook
People’s Education Edition
Jiangsu Education Edition
Beijing Normal University Edition
recognizing triangles and quadrilaterals
analysis and comparison of content arrangement
