摘要
我国钾矿资源贫乏且主要分布在青海和新疆,保证钾肥的可持续供应,是保障我国粮食安全的基石之一。2019年我国钾肥总进口量9208 kt(折KCl,下同),总出口量727 kt;以难溶性钾资源生产的含钾矿质土壤调理剂获得了广泛关注,产能约为1000 kt/a,但产量仅在200 kt左右;境外各钾肥项目仍处于不同的阶段。预计2020年国内钾肥产量为8500 kt,2025年将下降至5000 kt;2020年钾肥进口量在9000 kt左右,2025年将达15000~19000 kt。综合我国钾肥行业资源、产供销及进出口形势,建议保护好国内的可溶性钾资源,大力扶持难溶性钾资源的开发利用,尽快建成以加拿大为核心的境外钾肥基地,积极发展硫酸钾镁肥、氯化钾镁肥和低含量钾肥新品种,以保障我国钾肥行业的可持续发展。
China′s potash resources are poor and mainly distributed in Qinghai and Xinjiang.Ensuring a sustainable supply of potash fertilizer is one of the cornerstones of ensuring China′s food security.In 2019,China′s total potash fertilizer imports were 9208 kt(equivalent to KCl,the same below),and the total export volume was 727 kt;potassium-containing mineral soil conditioners produced from insoluble potassium resources have attracted widespread attention,with a production capacity of about 1000 kt/a,but the output is only around 200 kt;overseas potash fertilizer projects are still at different stages.It is estimated that the annual domestic potash fertilizer output will be 8500 kt in 2020 and will drop to 5000 kt in 2025;potash fertilizer imports in 2020 will be around 9000 kt and will reach 15000-19000 kt in 2025.Based on the resources,production,supply and marketing,and import and export forms of China′s potash fertilizer industry,it is recommended to protect domestic soluble potassium resources,vigorously support the development and utilization of insoluble potassium resources,establish an overseas potash fertilizer base with Canada as the core as soon as possible,and actively develop potassium magnesium sulfate and potassium magnesium chloride,and new varieties of low-content potassium fertilizers to ensure the sustainable development of China′s potash fertilizer industry.
作者
屈小荣
亓昭英
QU Xiaorong;QI Zhaoying(Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co.,Ltd.,Golmud,Qinghai 816000,China;Chemical Fetrtilizer Industry Committee,The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《肥料与健康》
CAS
2020年第5期7-11,共5页
Fertilizer & Health
关键词
钾肥
行业现状
供需
进出口
发展预测
趋势分析
potash fertilizer
industry status
supply and demand
import and export
development forecast
trend analysis
