摘要
目的:探究不同钾肥施用量对二年生射干生长、产量和品质的影响,为实现射干的高产优质栽培提供合理的施钾依据。方法:在施用氮肥、磷肥均为120 kg·hm的基础上,设置0(K_(0))、60(K_(60))、120(K_(120))、180(K_(180))、240(K_(240))kg·hm^(-2)共5个施钾处理,通过大田试验研究不同钾肥施用量处理对二年生射干农艺性状、药材产量、黄酮类成分含量和钾肥利用效率的影响。结果:施用钾肥可促进射干根系发育及分蘖苗产生,显著提高射干药材产量,与K处理相比增施钾肥射干增产16.0%~44.0%,其中K处理射干产量最高。不同钾肥施用量处理组均能促进射干根茎中的药效成分黄酮类物质的积累,其中K处理组芒果苷、射干苷、野鸢尾苷、鸢尾黄素、野鸢尾黄素、次野鸢尾黄素6种黄酮类成分的总积累量与K处理组比较增加33.2%;同时还能促进射干氮、钾、镁、铁、锌等元素的积累。随钾肥施用量增加,射干根茎钾积累量呈现先增加后减小趋势;偏生产力和根茎及叶片吸收率呈现逐渐降低的趋势;而钾肥的农学效率则在低钾至中高钾施用量时较高,达到高钾状态后明显下降。结合主成分分析对射干综合品质得分进行排名,由高到低的顺序为K_(120)>K_(180)>K_(240)>K_(60)>K_(0)。结论:综合考虑二年生射干产量、品质、钾肥利用效率等因素,在团风县射干种植生产中推荐钾肥施用量以120~166 kg·hm^(-2)为宜。
Objective:To investigate the effects of different potassium application rates on the growth,yield and quality of two-year-old Belamcanda chinensis and to provide a basis for potassium application to achieve high yield and quality of B.chinensis.Method:On the basis of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization at 120 kg·hm,we designed five potassium treatments of 0(K),60(K),120(K),180(K)and 240(K)kg·hmin a field experiment to study the effects of different potassium application rates on the agronomic traits,rhizome yield,flavonoid content and potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency of the two-yearold B.chinensis.Result:The application of potassium fertilizer promoted the root development and tillering,which significantly improved the yield of B.chinensis.Compared with the Ktreatment,the other potassium treatments increased the rhizome yield by 16.0%-44.0%and Khad the highest yield.The application of potassium fertilizer increased the accumulation of flavonoids in the rhizomes of B.chinensis.The total accumulation of six flavonoids(mangiferin,tectoridin,iridin,tectorigenin,irigenin and irisflorentin)increased by 33.2%in the Ktreatment compared with that in the Ktreatment.Furthermore,the application of potassium fertilizer promoted the accumulation of N,K,Mg,Fe and Zn.With the increase in potassium application rate,the potassium accumulation of B.chinensis first increased and then decreased,while the partial productivity and the absorptivity of roots and leaves gradually decreased.The agronomic efficiency of potassium fertilizer was higher at low to medium potassium application rates and decreased significantly at high potassium application rates.The results of the principal component analysis indicated that the ranking of the overall quality score of B.chinensis was K>K>K>K>K.Conclusion:Considering factors such as yield,quality and potassium utilization efficiency of two-year-old B.chinensis,the potassium application at 120-166 kg·hmis recommended for the production of B.chinensis in Tuanfeng County.
作者
李金鑫
刘雨
杨雅雯
陈昌婕
王梓灵
苗玉焕
刘大会
LI Jinxin;LIU Yu;YANG Yawen;CHEN Changjie;WANG Ziling;MIAO Yuhuan;LIU Dahui(Institute of Chinese Material Science,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第23期142-148,共7页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700704)
国家中医药管理局青年岐黄学者支持项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21)
湖北省教育厅高校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T2021008)。
关键词
射干
施钾量
产量
品质
钾肥利用效率
Belamcanda chinensis
potassium application rate
yield
quality
potassium utilization efficiency
