摘要
警察执法道德困境是指警察在执法过程中,基于其职业价值观和个人道德观念,陷入具体道德选择上的进退两难的境地。警察执法道德困境包括职业角色与情感错位的困境、能力有限与职责泛化的困境、公众期待与现实可能的困境、规则认知与选择障碍的困境四种类型。警察执法道德困境的形成背景及原因主要包括规范的“法理”与生活的“情理”之间存在的张力、治安秩序与个体自由价值观念之间的冲突、警察权威弱化导致外在评价的负面道德感知被强化和制度文本的科学性与滞后性导致职责之“善”不能实现等。解决警察执法道德困境应明确警务核心价值,树立统一道德价值规范;限制并规范非警务活动,防止警察执法道德困境扩大;重塑警察权威,弱化警察道德困境感知度;规范警察的自由裁量权,避免陷入规则与认知的道德困境。
The moral dilemma of police law enforcement refers to the dilemma of polices’specific moral choices in the process of law enforcement based on their professional values and personal moral concepts.The moral dilemma of police law enforcement is divided into four types:dilemma of professional role and emotional misalignment,dilemma of limited ability and duty generalization,dilemma of public expectation and possible reality,dilemma of rule recognition and choice obstacle.The background and reasons for the formation of the moral dilemma of police law enforcement include the existence of tension between the normative“jurisprudence”and the“reasoning”of life,the conflict of values between order and individual freedom in security governance,the weakening of police authority leading to negative moral perception of external evaluation,and the scientific and lagging nature of institutional texts.To solve the moral dilemma of police law enforcement,the core values of policing should be clearly defined and a unified moral value standard should be established so as to restrict and regulate non-police activities to prevent the expansion of police law enforcement moral dilemmas,to reshape police authority and weaken the perception of police moral dilemmas,and to regulate police discretion right to avoid falling into the moral dilemma of rules and cognition.
作者
李小波
郝泽一
LI Xiao-bo;HAO Ze-yi(Capital Social Security Research Base,People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《北京联合大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2020年第4期88-95,共8页
Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
2018年国家社会科学基金青年项目“重大涉警舆情事件网络意识形态引导研究”(项目编号:18CZZ004)。
关键词
道德困境
职业价值
认知冲突
治安秩序
moral dilemma
professional value
cognitive conflict
public order policing
