摘要
网络信息技术介入刑事诉讼程序,冲击着传统的辩护制度,辩方在数据获取能力和数据分析能力上的缺陷使得有效辩护面临挑战,控辩对抗面临失衡。在此背景下,有效辩护的实现有必要从理念层面、实体层面和程序层面分别予以应对。理念层面需要引入“数字无罪”的思路,并将其具化为数字无罪推定原则、比例原则和合意原则。实体层面需要针对大数据分析等新兴技术的特征,确立被指控人获得合理推论的权利,在此基础上形成事前控制机制、推论效力评价机制和事后救济机制。程序层面以强化辩方数据获取能力和分析能力为核心,并以控辩双方合意为基础,结合当前立法与司法实践中对开示制度的探索,构建刑事数字开示制度。
The employment of new information technology has made profound impact on the criminal defense system.The principle of equality of arms between the prosecution and the defense encounters serious challenges due to the poor ability of the latter regarding both access to data and analysis of data.To restore effective assistance of counsel in the digital context,reforms need to be introduced in ideological,substantial and procedural dimensions.From the ideological perspective,the concept of digital innocence needs to be developed as a means of leveraging the prosecution.It can be elaborated into three principles:that is,digital presumption of innocence,proportionality,and consensus.On the substantive level,the establishment of the right to reasonable inference of the defense is necessary in the digital context to enhance the power of the defense.Its operation requires mechanisms such as ex ante control,inference reasonability assessment,and ex post remedies.On the procedural level,an e-discovery system is expected to be constructed based on the negotiation and cooperation between the prosecution and the defense.
出处
《法治现代化研究》
2020年第4期124-142,共19页
Law and Modernization
基金
2019年度国家社科基金青年项目“刑事跨境数据取证法律问题研究”(19CFX037)的阶段性成果。
关键词
有效辩护
控辩平等
数字无罪
合理推论权
数字开示
effective assistance of counsel
equality of arms
digital innocence
right to reasonable inference
e-discovery
