摘要
从程序正义的角度出发,犯罪侦查取证行为应当在打击犯罪与保障公民基本权利之间遵循比例原则。比例原则要求侦查取证行为满足四项基本要求,即目的正当性要求、手段目的匹配要求、谦抑性要求、成本收益平衡要求。四项要求层层递进,形成电子取证行为一整套内在逻辑自洽的程序性规范体系。电子证据的自身特性一方面使其成为一种独立的证据类型,另一方面这些特性也对基于比例原则四项基本要求所形成的传统侦查取证规则构成挑战。法律规范对于挑战的应对之策应当在比例原则的基本框架下进行,其中关键在于以个人权利受干预之程度为标准细化电子证据分类,并在此分类基础上明确取证行为的合理界限,为衡量权利干预之正当性提供评价标准。
From the viewpoint of due process, criminal investigation should be operated in accordance with the principle of proportionality, which requires an equilibrium between crime control and safeguarding constitutional rights of individuals. The principle of proportionality consists of four basic requirements ： proper purpose, rational connection between the means and the end, subsidiarity, and cost-benefit balance. These four requirements are fulfilled in a pro- gressive way. The properties of digital evidence not only distinguish it from other forms of evi- dence, but also challenge the conventional evidence rules constructed in line with the above four requirements. To response to the challenges, the legal regime needs to be reformed within the framework of the principle of proportionality. Based on the nature and value of constitutional rights, a detailed categorization of digital evidence should be developed so that concrete criteria can be constructed and applied in the assessment of investigation measures.
出处
《环球法律评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期80-95,共16页
Global Law Review
基金
2016年北京市社会科学基金项目"网络犯罪电子证据原理探析与规则构建"(16FXC026)的研究成果
