摘要
目的:调查住院糖尿病患者视网膜病变相关知识、态度、行为的现状,并分析影响因素。方法:本研究为横断面调查,采用糖尿病视网膜病变知识、态度、行为问卷、彩色眼底照相法,通过方便抽样,调查2018年12月—2019年6月某三级医院392例住院糖尿病患者的视网膜病变相关知识、态度、行为现状以及视网膜病变情况。结果:392例住院糖尿病患者中,267例有视网膜病变,其中需要治疗者123例。患者视网膜病变知识良好者20.9%(82/392),态度积极者10.5%(41/392),行为良好者7.9%(31/392)。多重回归分析结果显示,视网膜病变知识、态度、行为总分的相关因素为视网膜病变分期和糖尿病病程(P<0.01);知识的相关因素为性别、视网膜病变分期(P<0.01);态度的相关因素为糖尿病治疗方式、视网膜病变分组和糖尿病病程(P<0.01);行为的相关因素为视网膜病变分组(P<0.01)。结论:住院糖尿病患者视网膜病变知识、态度、行为良好率偏低,提示医务工作者应高度重视糖尿病视网膜病变的知识、态度、行为的提高,尤其应关注文化程度较低、家庭人均月收入不高、糖尿病病程较短和尚未发生重度视网膜病变的患者群,做到糖尿病知识的普及,改善患者糖尿病视网膜病变定期眼底检查态度,促进糖尿病视网膜病变良好眼底检查行为。
Objective To explore the retinopathy knowledge,attitude and behavior of inpatients with diabetes mellitus and their correlation factors and analyzed the influencing factors.Methods This study was cross-sectional.From December 2018 to June 2019,a total of 392 inpatients with diabetes mellitus at a ClassⅢhospital were selected by convenience sampling and their knowledge,attitude,behavior and retinopathy were investigated with the diabetic retinopathy knowledge,attitude and behavior questionnaire and the color fundus photograph.Results Among 392 diabetic inpatients,267 diabetic inpatients with retinopathy and 123 of them needed treatment.There were 20.9%(82/392)of patients with high-level of retinopathy knowledge,10.5%(41/392)of them with the positive attitude and 7.9%(31/392)of them with good behavior.Multiple regression analysis showed that the related factors of the total scores of retinopathy knowledge,attitude and behavior were the retinopathy stage and diabetic course(P<0.01);knowledge related factors were the genders and retinopathy stage(P<0.01);attitude related factors were the treatment methods of diabetes mellitus,retinopathy stage and diabetic course(P<0.01);behavior related factor was the retinopathy stage(P<0.01).Conclusions Inpatients with diabetes mellitus have the low levels of retinopathy knowledge,attitude and behavior which points out that medical staff should pay more attention to the improvement of the retinopathy knowledge,attitude and behavior,especially in the patients with the low levels of diabetic knowledge,family incomes monthly,short diabetic courses and without severe retinopathy.Medical staff should also make diabetic knowledge popular and improve the patients'attitudes with regular fundus examination for diabetic retinopathy to promote the good fundus examination behavior.
作者
杨冬梅
王玉洁
梁歌
蔡春梅
范思均
魏琳
马骏
路潜
Yang Dongmei;Wang Yujie;Liang Ge;Cai Chunmei;Fan Sijun;Wei Lin;Ma Jun;Lu Qian(School of Nursing,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2020年第8期1069-1074,共6页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
糖尿病
视网膜病变
知识
态度
行为
影响因素
Diabetes mellitus
Retinopathy
Knowledge
Attitude
Behavior
Influencing factors
