摘要
中国政策扩散过程并非仅存在渐进模式(S型扩散曲线),还包括以政策爆发为典型特征的非渐进模式(R型及反R型扩散曲线)。通过将流行病爆发的"传染源-传播途径-易感人群"解释框架进行迁移,本文构建了以"政策源创新-政策扩散网络-潜在采纳政府"为核心链条的中国政策爆发分析框架。对25个案例的定性比较分析结果发现:可操作性、纵向政策吸纳、中央密集干预及整体性推进策略是政策爆发的必要条件;由可操作性、中央密集干预和整体性推进策略组成的简约路径构成了政策爆发的充分必要条件。引入注意力视角的进一步分析表明,该路径与不同层级政府决策注意力的嬗变过程耦合互动,触发政策扩散过程的"加速效应",基于政策属性优势的创新政绩建构过程实现了地方源创新对中央注意力的策略性吸引,中央政府的政策吸纳与推广加速了地方注意力的再分配与聚合,潜在采纳政府的快速采纳决策制定最终诱致非渐进的政策爆发过程。
The policy diffusion process of China involves not only incremental pattern with S shape diffusion curve,it also demonstrates non-incremental pattern with R shape or anti-R shape diffusion curve.The objective of this paper is to illustrate the pattern characteristics and formation mechanism of policy outbreaks.By transferring out of the epidemic outbreaks framework(Host-Vector-Agent),this paper constructs an analysis framework of China’s policy outbreaks with the core chain of Policy Innovation-Diffusion Networks-Potential Adopters.The QCA results of 25 cases reveal that:While vertical adoption,high feasibility,intensive intervention and integrative deployment strategy are necessary conditions for policy outbreaks,a parsimonious solution consisting in the latter three factors constitutes necessary and sufficient conditions for policy outbreaks.A further analysis from the perspective of attention shows that this path interacts with the transmutation of attention resources in governments’decision-making processes,triggering the acceleration effect of the policy diffusion process.Specifically,the construction process of innovation performance based on the relative advantages of policy attributes successfully attracts the attention of central government.The adoption and promotion process of central government accelerates the attention redistribution and aggregation process in local level.The rapid adoption decision-making process among local governments ultimately leads to the non-incremental policy outbreaks.
作者
杨志
魏姝
Yang Zhi;Wei Shu(School of Government,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023,China)
出处
《公共管理学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期14-26,165,共14页
Journal of Public Management
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA105)
江苏省普通高校学士学位研究生科研创新计划项目(KYLX16_0027)。
关键词
政策扩散
政策爆发
扩散模式
非渐进
注意力
Policy Diffusion
Policy Outbreaks
Diffusion Pattern
Non-incremental
Attention
