摘要
目的探讨长期住院老年精神病患者营养状况及其危险因素。方法采用整群取样法,于同一时点选取我院9个普通病区住院5年以上具有认知能力、精神症状稳定的237例老年精神病患者为研究对象。采用微型营养评估法对研究对象营养状况进行评价,营养状况不良的有27例(11.39%)。使用自编调查表对可能影响老年患者营养状况的因素进行调查,进行单因素分析,随后对可能的影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果老年患者蛋白质摄入不足、合并躯体慢性病需要服用大量药物以及存在负性情绪分别有37例、66例、56例,而且对健康和营养状况了解不多、不懂饮食重要性也是影响老年患者营养状况的重要原因。单因素及Logistic回归分析均显示罹患躯体慢性病(OR=6.716)、生活方式不良(OR=1.248)、家庭支持度差(OR=2.808)、合并焦虑抑郁(OR=1.683)明显影响老年患者的营养状况,年龄、性别影响不明显。结论罹患躯体慢性病、生活方式不良、家庭支持度差及合并焦虑抑郁是影响老年患者营养状况的危险因素。建议从躯体慢性病防治、改善生活方式、加强家庭支持及改善负性情绪,同时加强饮食健康宣教等方面改善老年患者营养状况。
Objective To explore the nutritional status and risk factors of geriatric psychiatric patients in long-term inpatients.Methods Cluster sampling method,At the same time point,237 cases of geriatric mental patients with stable cognitive ability and mental symptoms who were hospitalized in 9 common wards of our hospital for more than 5 years at the same time were selected as the research objects.The nutritional status of the subjects was evaluated by mini nutritional assessment,and 27 cases(11.39%)of them had poor nutritional status.The factors that may affect the nutritional status of elderly patients were investigated by using the self-designed questionnaire,and univariate analysis was conducted,followed by Logistic regression analysis of the possible infl uencing factors.Results There were 37 cases of insuffi cient protein intake,66 cases of chronic physical diseases,and 56 cases of negative emotions in the elderly patients,respectively.In addition,poor understanding of health and nutritional status and the importance of diet were also important factors affecting the nutritional status of the elderly patients.Both univariate and Logistic regression analysis showed that chronic physical diseases(OR=6.716),poor lifestyle(OR=1.248),poor family support(OR=2.808)and anxiety and depression(OR=1.683)had signifi cant effects on the nutritional status of elderly patients,while age and gender had no signifi cant effects.Conclusion Chronic physical diseases,poor lifestyle,poor family support and anxiety and depression are risk factors for nutritional status of elderly patients.It is suggested to improve the nutritional status of elderly patients from the aspects of prevention and treatment of physical chronic diseases,improvement of lifestyle,strengthening of family support and improvement of negative emotions,as well as strengthening diet health education.
作者
钟远惠
喻俊
王昭
廖敬良
杨艳芬
ZHONG Yuan-hui;YU Jun;WANG Zhao;LIAO Jing-liang;YANG Yan-fen(Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Administration,Guangzhou 510430,China)
出处
《中国医药指南》
2020年第10期72-74,共3页
Guide of China Medicine
关键词
长期住院
老年精神病患者
营养状况
危险因素
Long-term hospitalization
Senile mental patients
Nutrition
Risk factors
