摘要
目的了解2014—2018年贵港市禽流感病毒在活禽交易市场中的阳性情况、变化规律以及职业暴露人群禽流感血清学监测结果,为人禽流感防控工作提供依据。方法 2014—2018年采集贵港市规模活禽交易市场、禽类农贸市场外环境样本1 026份和职业暴露人群血清231份,外环境标本采用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应方法检测禽流感病毒核酸,血清标本采用马血球血凝抑制实验方法检测血清中H9N2、H7N9、H5N6抗体。结果 2014—2018年外环境标本甲型流感病毒核酸总阳性率为37.62%,阳性率在13.89%~52.63%之间波动,有逐年增加的趋势。阳性标本中,以H9亚型为主,阳性数占51.04%。贵港市唯一的大规模活禽交易市场阳性率为22.57%,以H9阳性为主;农贸市场阳性率为51.01%,以H9、H5亚型阳性为主。5种不同类型样本中,以清洗禽类污水(53.67%)阳性率最高。全年进行监测,第一、第四季度检出阳性率高于第二、第三季度。不同年份、标本类型、监测季度、场所、病毒分型等标本阳性检出率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2014—2018年职业暴露人群血清监测结果均为阴性,有禽类暴露史的人感染禽流感病例仅1例,为H5N6感染病例。结论 2014—2018年贵港市活禽交易市场、农贸市场禽流感病毒核酸检出率较高,但职业暴露人群普遍未受感染,提示禽流感感染人群风险较低。但外环境的高污染率和散发病例的发生提示普通人群仍有感染风险,故应加强市场特别是冬春季节的监测监管,落实活禽交易市场的消毒、规范管理等防控措施,同时做好流感、不明原因肺炎病例监测工作,最大限度地降低人感染禽流感的风险。
Objective To investigate the positive rate and changing rules of avian influenza virus in live poultry trading markets and the serological monitoring results of people occupationally exposed to avian influenza virus in Guigang city from 2014 to 2018,and to provide a basis for prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza virus.Methods We collected 1,026 external environmental specimens from live poultry trading markets and poultry farmers markets and 231 serum specimens of occupationally exposed population in Guigang city during 2014-2018.Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect avian influenza virus nucleic acid in the external environmental specimens.And horse blood hemagglutination inhibition test was employed to detect H9 N2,H7 N9 and H5 N6 antibodies in the serum specimens.Results The total positive rate of influenza A virus nucleic acid in the external environmental specimens from 2014 to 2018 was 37.62%,and the positive rate fluctuated between 13.89%and 52.63%,with an increasing trend year by year.Among the positive specimens,H9 subtype played a dominant role,with the positive number of 51.04%.The positive rate in the only one large-scale live poultry trading market in Guigang city was 22.57%,and H9 subtype was the main type.The positive rate in the farmer markets was 51.01%,H9 and H5 subtypes were the main types.Among the 5 different types of specimens,the positive rate in cleaning poultry sewage was the highest(53.67%).The positive rates in the first and fourth quarters were both higher than those in the second and third quarters.There were statistically significant differences in the positive detection rate of specimens among different years,specimen types,monitoring quarters,sites and virus typing(all P<0.05).The serological monitoring results of occupationally exposed population in 2014-2018 were all negative.There was only one case of human infection with avian influenza A(H5 N6)virus among people with a history of exposure
作者
梁正林
杨忠秀
邓星超
林愈凤
黄美玲
LIANG Zheng-lin;YANG Zhong-xiu;DENG Xing-chao;LIN Yu-feng;HUANG Mei-ling(Guigang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guigang,Guangxi 537100,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2020年第2期138-141,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
禽流感病毒
活禽交易市场
外环境监测
H9亚型
H5亚型
avian influenza virus
live poultry trading market
external environmental monitoring
H9 subtype
H5 subtype
