摘要
目的 了解2017-2021年重庆市沙坪坝区活禽市场外环境中禽流感病毒的分布特点。方法 在沙坪坝区21个活禽市场随机采集6类环境样本,包括粪便(肛拭)、笼具表面擦拭标本、案板表面擦拭标本、刀具表面擦拭标本、盛装容器面擦拭标本和洗肉水,共1 200份,采用实时聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测通用甲型流感病毒(Flu A),阳性样本进一步进行H5、H7、H9、N9亚型检测,采用SAS 8.2软件进行统计分析。结果 样本中Flu A阳性率达68.50%,H5、H7、H9、N9亚型及未分型总阳性率分别为26.33%、0.17%、45.50%、0.00%及17.17%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=351.563,P<0.001)。存在H5+H9(19.83%)、H9+N9 (0.67%)和H5+H9+N9(0.67%)混合型。不同年份、不同季节Flu A阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=296.199、 35.350,均P<0.001),Flu A阳性率高峰为第一季度(79.17%)和第二季度(76.67%)。不同地区活禽市场外环境的Flu A核酸阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.062,P=0.087);不同环境类型样本中,案板表面擦拭样本Flu A阳性率为72.00%,其次为刀具表面擦拭样本(71.00%),6类环境样本Flu A核酸阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.813,P=0.235)。结论 重庆市沙坪坝区活禽市场环境普遍存在禽流感病毒污染,H9亚型是主要的病原体,混合型占一定比例,污染高峰为每年的第一季度和第二季度。应重视H9N9和H5H9等新的重配体和变体出现的情况,加强对活禽市场环境监测,切实做好宰杀摆放禽肉的案板和刀具等区域的消毒清洁工作。
Objective To analyze the contamination of avian influenza virus in the external environment of live poultry markets in Shapingba district of Chongqing from 2017 to 2021.Methods A total of 1200 environmental samples of 6 kinds,including stool samples(anal swabs),cage surface swabs,chopping board surface swabs,knife surface swabs,container and washing water samples,were randomly collected from 21 live poultry markets in Shapingba for the detection of influenza A virus by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Positive samples were further tested for H5,H7,H9 and N9 subtypes by sequencing.Statistical analysis was conducted by using SAS 8.2.Results The overall positive rate of influenza A virus was 68.50%,and the positive rates of subtype H5,H7,H9,N9 and unspecific subtype were 26.33%,0.17%,45.50%,0.00%and 17.17%,respectively,the differences were significant(x?=315.563,P<0.001).The co-detection rates of H5+H9,H7+H9 and H5+H9+N9 were19.83%,0.67%and 0.67%respectively.The differences in annual positive rate of influenza A virus were significant(x=296.199,P<0.001).The differences in seasonal positive rate of influenza A virus were significant(x=35.350,P<0.001).The positive rate of influenza A virus was highest in the first quarter(79.17%),followed by the second quarter(76.76%).There were no significant differences in the positive rate of nucleic acid of influenza A virus among the samples collected from different markets(x=11.062,P=0.087).Among the different types of samples,the positive rate in swabs of chopping board surfaces was72.00%,and the positive rate in swabs of knife surfaces was 71.00%.There were no significant differences in the positive rate of influenza A virus nucleic acid among the 6 types of samples(x?=6.813,P=0.235).Conclusion Avian influenza virus contamination was common in the external environment of live poultry markets in Shapingba,especially in the first and second quarters of the year,the predominant subtype was H9.Co-infection of subtypes accounted for a certain proportion.Close attention s
作者
杜文静
王德苗
陈飞
肖小月
唐宇
刘梦颖
刘欣容
周文洁
Du Wenjing;Wang Demiao;Chen Fei;Xiao Xiaoyue;Tang Yu;Liu Mengying;Liu Xinrong;Zhou Wenjie(Shapingba District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400030,China)
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期421-425,共5页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
禽流感病毒
活禽市场
外环境
监测
Avian influenza virus
Live poultry market
External environment
Surveillance
