摘要
为深入了解动物药中不同类型重金属与有害元素的残留水平及生物可及性,该文选取动物药僵蚕为研究对象,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测其中砷(As)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)、镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)、锌(Zn)及镉(Cd) 8类元素的含量,基于人工胃肠消化模型及中药材的健康风险评估模型,分别得到了僵蚕药材中8种元素的污染水平、体内外转移率及其健康风险等级。结果表明在国际标准化组织和《中国药典》2015年版所规定的重金属最大限量标准对比下,10批僵蚕中2批As超标,4批Cr超标,不合格率高达50%,而Cu和Pb在体内的残留率较高,分别为72. 372%,76. 282%。风险评估模型数据显示:受重金属及有害元素污染最严重的僵蚕批次的靶标危害系数(THQ)分别为0. 021 548(成人)和0. 018 418(儿童),经人体消化后THQ降低至0. 012 599(成人)和0. 010 769(儿童),仍高于动物药僵蚕的THQ标准值,但其致癌风险CR值低于1×10^-6,提示服用该批次僵蚕药材导致的潜在非致癌风险较高但无致癌风险。综上,僵蚕重金属及有害元素仍存在超标现象,但其导致的健康风险水平仍需针对不同药材分别考察研究,从而进一步提高动物药的质量及安全。
In order to comprehensively analyze the pollution level and bioaccessibility of different types of heavy metals and hazardous elements in animal medicine,this paper selected Bombyx Batryticatus as the research object,and used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS) to detect As,Cu,Hg,Pb,Ni,Cr,Zn and Cd. Based on the artificial gastrointestinal digestion model and the health risk assessment model of Chinese medicinal materials,the pollution level,in vivo and in vitro transfer rate and health risk grade of eight harmful elements in the above-mentioned medicinal materials of Bombyx Batryticatus were obtained respectively. The test result was found that under the ISO international standard of Chinese medicine-Chinese herbal medicine heavy metals,the unqualified rate was 50% for Bombyx Batryticatus,which including 2 batches of As and 4 batches of Cr exceeded the MRL. In artificial gastrointestinal digestion solution,the transfer rates of heavy metals As,Cu,Hg,Pb,Ni,Cr,Zn and Cd were 36. 849%,72. 372%,41. 152%,75. 354%,46. 603%,27. 981%,19. 707% and 76. 282%,respectively. The data of risk assessment model showed that the total THQ values of the most polluted batches for adults and children was 0. 021 548 and 0. 018 418,respectively. After digestion,the THQ values decreased to 0. 012 599 for adults and 0. 010 769 for children,which were still higher than the THQ standard values of animal medicine Bombyx Batryticatus. However,the CR value of carcinogenic risk is less than 1×10^-6,so the potential non-carcinogenic risk caused by taking this batch of Bombyx Batryticatus medicines is higher and the carcinogenic risk can be ignored. To sum up,heavy metals and hazardous elements in Bombyx Batryticatus still exceed the standard,but the health risk level caused by heavy metals still needs to be investigated according to different medicinal materials,in order to provide data support for further improving the quality and safety of animal medicine.
作者
闫卉欣
孔丹丹
李歆悦
范卓文
杨美华
YAN Hui-xin;KONG Dan-dan;LI Xin-yue;FAN Zhuo-wen;YANG Mei-hua(Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China;Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine,Ministry of Education,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第23期5051-5057,共7页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81903797)
中国医学科学院协同创新项目(2017-I2M-1-013,2016-I2M-3-010)
协和青年基金资助和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3332018201)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFF0214202)
