摘要
周遍句中没有表示全量义的词汇性成分,"都/也"和O成分都不能独立表达全量义。OV语序是"都"表示"总括"义的条件,也是O成分固定量化义的基础。有些学者注意到"把"字句、"被"字句、"连"字句等OV语序句型具有全量义,通过对不含介词的OV语序受事主语句进行考察,我们发现,汉语中的OV语序和VO语序在语义上表现出强烈的倾向性,即OV语序表示全量义,VO语序表示非全量义。OV语序是汉语表达全量义的一种句法手段,语序是一种弱标记形式,OV语序的全量义容易被表达部分义的词汇成分改变,周遍句通过结构固化的方式将OV语序的全量义固定下来。OV语序是周遍句表达周遍义的主要手段。
There is no lexical component to indicate universal quantification in the socalled universal quantification sentences;neither can adverb dou/ye or the object component express universal quantification independently.The OV word order then seems to be the precondition for the ‘universal quantification’ interpretation of dou and the basis for the quantification of the object.Some scholars have noticed that OV-sentences such as ba-,bei- and lian- sentences,have the meaning of universal quantification.Through an investigation into the patient-subject sentences which are in the OV word order and use no prepositions,we find that OV sentences in Chinese tend to express universal quantification,while VO sentences are inclined to express non-universal quantification.The OV word order in Chinese,therefore,is a syntactic means to express universal quantification.Word order,however,is no more than a weak marker,and thus marked universal quantification can be easily cancelled by lexical components of non-universal quantification.What universal quantification sentences do is solidify the universal quantification meaning of the OV word order by way of constructionalization,while still taking the OV word order as the main means to express universal quantification.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期55-66,共12页
Chinese Teaching in the World
基金
中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(项目编号:2019M650592)
浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(项目编号:19NDQN366YB)
北京语言大学校级项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金,项目编号:18YBB34)
浙江理工大学校级项目(项目编号:17122167-Y)的资助
关键词
OV
语序
全量
周遍
句法手段
OV
word order
universal quantification
universal quantification sentences
syntactic means
