摘要
施工现场不安全行为的管控措施呈现静态、局部、标准化等特征,较难适用于动态变化的各类现场不安全行为的管控,因此有必要建立更好的方法来评估施工现场不安全行为,从而有针对性地采取管控措施。该文提出了基于危险系数的施工现场工人不安全行为评估方法,即依据"事故-场景"对不安全行为进行逐层分类后,采用不安全行为发生的频繁程度、不安全行为引起各类事故的可能性以及各类事故后果的严重程度来构建不安全行为的危险系数,以对工人的不安全行为进行持续评估,并根据评估结果对行为进行危险程度分级与管控资源配置。实际案例应用表明:该评估方法能够提高不安全行为管控的有效性与针对性,进而提高施工现场的安全水平。
Traditional measures for managing workers’ unsafe behavior are static,standardized methods that are only partially effective,which makes them difficult to use for managing dynamic unsafe behavior on site.Therefore,better methods are needed to assess the danger of unsafe behavior so as to take necessary countermeasures.This paper presents an assessment method for construction workers’ unsafe behavior by introducing a danger coefficient.Firstly,various types of unsafe behavior are classified according to accident types and scenes.Then,the danger coefficients for various types of unsafe behavior are defined by combining the occurrence rate of an unsafe behavior,the possibility of various accidents caused by the behavior,and the consequences of the accidents.Resources can then be allocated to behavior management.A real case is given to show that this method can improve the effectiveness of unsafe behavior management to further improve construction site safety.
作者
郭红领
张知田
郁润
GUO Hongling;ZHANG Zhitian;YU Run(Department of Construction Management,Tsinghua University.Beijing 100084.China)
出处
《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期873-879,共7页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0802001）
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51578318,51208282）
关键词
施工工人
不安全行为
行为评估
危险系数
construction worker
unsafe behavior
behavior assessment
danger coefficient
