摘要
视频游戏训练是一种正处于探索阶段的执行功能训练方案,其对工作记忆和认知灵活性能产生迁移效应,对抑制的迁移结论尚不明确,这一结论无法通过考察迁移发生的泛化还是具体化机制得到解决,差异更可能来自游戏训练本身。虽然真实游戏经验能产生迁移,但训练不一定能模拟经验对执行功能的迁移。这一方面受训练游戏类型的影响,另一方面与训练时长有关。建议从丰富迁移机制等角度提高迁移效应。
Video games have become a strain of entertainment. Previous studies have focused more on the possible negative effects of video games. Recently, some studies have broken the existing misunderstanding of "playing games = game addiction = academic failure/delayed development" and found that action video game experience can improve player’s attention and visuospatial capabilities. Since then, researchers have begun to explore the transfer effects of video game training on cognitive abilities. Executive function is a functional structure that must be used in the mind processing of problem solving. It can enable individuals to integrate various resources when completing complex cognitive tasks and control the system to complete various processing. However, there is heterogeneity in the conclusions of the existing video game trainings on the transfer effect on executive functions and their components. Specifically, a stable transfer effect is observed in the dual task research and updating tasks of working memory;However, this conclusion does not appear in the inhibition. This indicates that the composition of the executive function is different, and the transfer effect is different. In order to answer this question, this paper analyzes two representative theories, namely, the common demand theory and the learning to learn theory. Although both types of transfer mechanisms are backed by empirical research, there are some overlapping between the two in terms of whether the transfer object is a component of the execution function or all of them. It can be seen from the perspective of the transfer mechanism that it is impossible to determine what is the reason. Therefore, it is necessary to shift from the analysis of the transfer object to that of the video game training itself, and consider what factors in the training research influence the transfer effect. Next, the transfer effects of measuring real game experience on executive function is firstly analyzed the same as the effect of training on simulation game experi
作者
王元
李柯
盖笑松
Wang Yuan;Li Ke;Gai Xiaosong(School of Psychology,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,130024)
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期820-826,共7页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(17YJC190025)
东北师范大学哲学社会科学校内青年基金青年团队项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)(18QT008)的资助
关键词
视频游戏
执行功能
抑制
工作记忆
认知灵活性务
video game
executive function
inhibition
working memory
cognitive flexibility
