摘要
目的对北京市密云区2012年9月至2018年8月流感样病例实验室检测结果进行分析,掌握该地区流感病毒流行特征和规律,为流感防控和预警工作提供数据支持。方法根据北京市流感监测方案,采集哨点医院发热门诊流感样病例的咽拭子标本,经实时荧光定量PCR方法检测后,核酸阳性标本接种狗肾(MDCK)细胞传代分离培养,采用红细胞凝集抑制试验(HAI)对病毒分离结果进行流感病毒亚型鉴定。结果2012—2018年共检测流感样病例咽拭子标本4130件,总阳性率为14.26%;2013—2014年度核酸阳性检出率最低,2017—2018年度核酸阳性检出率最高;型别为新甲型H1N1,季节性H3N2和B型流感均有检出;共分离流感病毒518株,分离率为87.94%;六个监测周期优势病原分别为H3N2、H1N1、BV、BY。60~组阳性率最高(21.40%),0~组阳性率最低(0.06%),阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=38.063,P<0.05);平原地区发病人数最高(13.87%),山区发病人数最低(12.18%),乙型流感病毒地区差异明显(χ^2=8.982,P<0.05)。结论密云区流感病毒流行呈一定规律,12月至次年3月为甲型流感病毒流行的高峰期,4~11月份流感流行水平较低;乙型流感流行始于1~4月份,流行季节主要在春季,成为主要优势株;流感防控工作应在流行季来临之前做好流感的预防和宣传,夏季防控也不能忽视,长期开展流感病原学监测和扩大流感监测点范围。
Objective To analyze the laboratory test results of influenza-like cases from September 2012 to August 2018 in Miyun District, Beijing, and understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza viruses in this area in order to provide data support for influenza prevention and control. Methods According to the Beijing Influenza Surveillance Program, swallow swab specimens of influenza-like cases from sentinel hospitals were collected and detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The nucleic acid-positive specimens were inoculated into dog kidney (MDCK) cells for passage and isolation, and the influenza virus subtypes were identified by the erythrocyte agglutination inhibition test (HAI). Results From 2012 to 2018, a total of 4 130 throat swab specimens were detected in influenza-like cases, and the total positive rate was 14.26%. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection was the lowest in 2013-2014 and the highest in 2017-2018. New H1N1, seasonal H3N2 and B influenza all were detected. A total of 518 strains of influenza virus were isolated, and the isolation rate was 87.94%. The pathogens during the six monitoring cycles were found to be dominated by H3N2, H1N1, BV, and BY. The positive rate of the 60~ group was the highest(21.40%), and the positive rate of the 0~ group was the lowest (0.06%), and the positive rate was statistically significant (χ^2=38.063, P <0.05). The highest number of cases (13.87%) and the lowest (12.18%) were respectively in the plains and mountains, and the difference in the influenza B virus between the two areas was statistically significant (χ^2=8.982, P <0.05). Conclusion The epidemic of influenza virus in Miyun District occurred regularly. The peak period of influenza A virus epidemic was from December to March, and the influenza epidemic level was lower from April to November. The influenza B epidemic occurred mainly in spring, and began in January-April. The influenza B virus became the dominant strain during this period of the time. Influenza prevention and control wor
作者
郑兰紫
耿利彬
蒋会婷
赵颖慧
郝帅
ZHENG Lanzi;GENG Libing;JIANG Huiting;ZHAO Yinghui;HAO Shuai(Miyun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101500,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2019年第4期69-73,共5页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
关键词
流感病毒
病毒亚型
病原学监测
Influenza virus
Subtype
Etiological surveillance
