摘要
目的了解北京市2012-2015年流感流行特征和流感病毒优势株的变化。方法使用＂北京市医疗机构传染病监测预警系统＂中二级以上医院流感样病例和百分比的周数据以及流感病原学监测周数据,分析流感样病例发病趋势和流感病毒构成情况。结果 2012年第27周至2015年第26周,北京市流感样病例（ILI）、流感样病例百分比（ILI%）与流感病毒阳性率变化趋势一致（r=0.801,P〈0.001;r=0.737,P〈0.001）,发病高峰为每年冬春季。不同监测季,流感样病例年龄组构成不同（χ^2=2.143,P〈0.001）,各监测季流感病毒亚型构成不同。共报告流感暴发疫情68起,其中62起（91.18%）由甲型H3N2引起,发生在小学校的疫情最多,为35起（51.47%）。结论 2012-2015年甲型H3N2亚型、甲型H1N1流感、乙型Yamagata系均有流行,且各年度优势毒株不一。ILI、ILI%和流感病毒阳性率三者的高峰基本吻合,证实了北京市流感监测系统在预警预测流感流行趋势和暴发疫情中的实际作用。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and the dominant strains changes of influenza virus in Beijing during 2012- 2015. Methods Weekly numbers of influenza-like illness cases in level 2 or 3 hospitals were obtained from Early warning system for infectious disease in medical institutions in Beijing,and weekly data of virological surveillance was also be used. Results There were positive correlation between ILI,ILI% and positive rate of influenza virus（ r = 0. 801,P 0. 001; r = 0. 737,P 0. 001） from the 27 th week of 2012 to the 26 th week of 2015. The peak seasons focused in winter and spring. In different surveillance terms,the constituent ratio of age groups and subtypes of influenza viruses were different（ χ~2=2. 143,P 0. 001）. 68 influenza outbreaks were reported,62 outbreaks were caused by A（ H3N2）,and 35（ 51. 47%） of them occurred in primary schools. Conclusion During recent years,the following subtypes were observed,such as A（ H3N2）,A（ H1N1） pdm,BY,and the dominating influenza virus subtypes varied in the different seasons. The highest positive rate of influenza virus was consistent with the ILI（ ILI%） peak. All can be used in early warning of influenza outbreaks and pandemic.
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2016年第2期54-57,共4页
Capital Journal of Public Health
基金
北京市科技计划课题(编号:D141100003114002)
关键词
流感
流感样病例
分型
Influenza
Influenza-like illness cases
Subtypes
