摘要
目的调查分析某小学发生一起乙型流感暴发疫情的原因和特点,总结学校防控流感经验。方法对此次流感暴发学校的所有病例进行流行病学调查,采集部分病例咽拭子标本,采用PCR进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果2015年12月30日-2016年1月6日该班累计报告18例流感样病例,全部为学生,班级罹患率为45%。100%病例发生发热、咳嗽,50%病例发生咽痛。采集患者咽拭子10份,分离到乙型(victoria)流感病毒9株,阳性率为90%。结论确定此次流感暴发疫情为乙型(victoria)流感暴发。因此加强学校晨午检、缺勤制度,及早发现隔离病例,消毒和取消集体活动等是防控流感疫情的重要措施。
Objective The study was conducted to investigate the cause and characteristics of an outbreak of influenza B occurred in a primary school in Fangshan district, Beijing, in order to gain experience of prevention and control of influenza in schools. Methods Epidemiological investigation was performed among all the cases in this school. The influenza virus was collected from patients＇ nasopharyngeal with swab, and its nucleic acid was detected using PCR method. Results From December 30 th, 2015 to January 6th, 2016, 18 cases of influenza like illness were reported in one class, and the attack rate was 45%. All of the cases were students, and 100% of them had fever and cough, 50% had sore throat. 10 samples of the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. 9 strains of influenza B （victoria） viruses were isolated and identified, and the positive rate was 90%. Conclusion This epidemic is confirmed an outbreak caused by influenza B （victoria）. Measures such as morning- and-afternoon inspection, absence record in schools, timely case discovery and isolation, disinfection and cancellation of collective activities are significant for the prevention and control of influenza.
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2016年第4期183-185,共3页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
流感样病例
乙型流感
暴发
Influenza-like cases
Influenza B
Outbreak
