摘要
在包括《公共文化服务保障法》《公共图书馆法》在内的公共文化法律体系中,法律义务主体分为行政机关、公共文化设施管理单位(包括公共图书馆、博物馆等)、其他组织和个人。不同的义务主体,其法律义务的性质也不尽相同,其他组织和个人承担的是消极不作为义务,公共文化设施管理单位承担的是具体给付义务,行政机关承担的则是抽象给付义务。传统的文化法律实施机制(即文化执法模式)建立在威慑理论基础上,适用于文化市场监管领域的私权利主体。公共文化法律体系中的行政机关、公共文化设施管理单位都是承担公共服务、履行公共职能的公权力部门,传统针对私权利主体的文化执法模式不能适用或不宜适用,公共文化法律体系中的其他组织和个人也不能直接适用针对文化市场监管的文化执法模式。基于公共文化法律体系中法律义务主体和义务内容的性质,宜对承担公权力职能的行政机关和公共文化设施管理单位适用公共文化法律实施的软法机制,对属于私权利主体的其他组织和个人扩展适用公共文化法律的文化执法机制,进而构造出一种软法机制和传统机制交融的公共文化法律实施模式。
The implementation of public cultural law is an important part of promoting rule of law in the field of culture and promoting the development and prosperity of public culture. In order to reveal the current situation and problems of the implementation of the public cultural law in China and to promote the future improvement of the implementation of the public cultural law, this paper makes a preliminary study and reflection on the implementation of the public cultural law in China by using text analysis, empirical research analysis, historical analysis and other methods. The study reveals that in the legal system of public culture including the Law on the Security Legislation of Public Cultural Service and the Public Library Law, the subjects of legal obligations are divided into agencies, public cultural facilities management units (including public libraries, museums, etc.), and other organizations and individuals. Different legal entities have different legal obligations. Other organizations and individuals bear negative obligations. Public cultural facilities management units are responsible for specific payment obligations, while agencies are responsible for abstract payment obligations. The traditional cultural law implementation approach (the cultural law enforcement model) is based on the deterrence theory and applies to the private subjects in the field of cultural market. From the perspective of its generation and structure, this model has strong normativeness, pertinence and limitations. The implementation of cultural market law with legal autonomy as the basic concept cannot fully match the characteristics of public culture law, so it needs to reflect the implementation of public culture law. The agencies and public cultural facilities management units in the public cultural legal system are all public power departments that undertake public services and have public functions. The traditional cultural law enforcement mode for private subjects cannot be applied or not applicable. Other organizations an
作者
林华
楚天舒
LIN Hua;CHU Tianshu
出处
《中国图书馆学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第4期12-28,共17页
Journal of Library Science in China
基金
文化和旅游部委托项目“公共文化法律法规实施机制研究”的研究成果之一~~
关键词
公共文化
公共图书馆
法律实施
文化执法
公共文化服务保障法
公共图书馆法
Public culture
Public libraries
Law enforcement
Cultural law enforcement
The Security Legislation of Public Cultural Service
The Public Library Law
