摘要
目的在上海安全座椅立法的背景下,探索提高学龄前儿童安全座椅使用的有效干预措施。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,从上海市黄浦区某社区4家公立幼儿园随机抽取193名有车家庭小班儿童作为干预组,根据不沾染原则在同区其他社区的4家公立幼儿园选择195名儿童作为对照组。干预组借助新媒体给予综合干预措施,对照组进行常规健康教育。结果通过干预,干预组安全座椅配备率上升3. 7%,略高于对照组配备率上升幅度(3.1%);干预组使用率提高15.9%,总是使用率提高16.1%,均较对照组提高明显。干预组儿童经常、总是使用汽车安全带及家长怀抱儿童乘车的比例均较对照组有明显下降。干预组家长对"仅使用安全带不能保护儿童乘客"的知识点知晓率提高了64.3%,对照组提高了25.5%。对于安全座椅立法,干预后干预组知晓率(93.5%)高于对照组(70.8%),差异有统计学意义(X^2=14.823, P<0.01)。结论借助新媒体的综合干预措施能够有效提高安全座椅的使用率,降低儿童不安全的乘车行为,提高家长对儿童乘车安全的正确认知及立法知晓率。
Objective To explore effective intervention measures to improve the use of child safety seat among pre-school children under the background of Shanghai child safety seat legislation. Methods 193 children from 4 public kinder-gartens in Huangpu District were selected as intervention group, 195 children were selected as control group according to the principle of non-contamination by random cluster sampling. The intervention group received comprehensive intervention with the help of new media, while the control group received routine health education. Results After intervention, the child safety seat allocation rate of intervention group was increased by 3. 7%, slightly higher than that of control group (3. 1%). The use rate of intervention group was increased by 15. 9%, the consistent use rate was increased by 16. 1%, significantly higher than that of control group. In the intervention group, the proportion of children always using car seat belts or the parents hugging children in car was significantly lower than that in the control group. Parents of intervention group and control group both had serious cognitive deficiency on the knowledge point that “ only using seat belts could not protect children passengers” before intervention. Through the intervention, the parents' cognition of this knowledge point in the intervention group improved greatly (the awareness rate increased by 64. 3%) and that in the control group increased by 25. 5%. On the child safety seat legislation, the awareness rate of intervention group (93.5%) was higher than that of control group (70.8%). The difference was statistically significant (Х^2=14. 823, P <0. 01). Conclusion Through comprehensive intervention measures could effectively improve the allocation rate, use rate and always use rate of child safety seat, and re-duce children's unsafe riding behavior, improve parents' correct cognition of children's riding safety and awareness of legislation.
作者
李为翊
喻彦
高淑娜
何丽华
吴明玉
王烨菁
彭娟娟
LI Wei-yi;YU Yan;GAO Shu-na;HE Li-hua;WU Ming-yu;WANG Ye-jing;PENG Juan-juan(Huangpu District Center for Dis-ease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200023,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2019年第4期328-331,358,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(20164y0197)
黄浦区区科委项目(HKW201553)
黄浦区妇女儿童发展研究课题(2016FRW03)
黄浦区卫生和计划生育委员会骨干医学人才培养计划(2019GG15)
关键词
安全座椅
干预研究
立法
Child safety seat
Intervention study
Legislation
