摘要
人工智能的发明创造及其广泛应用,对现行专利保护制度提出了挑战。人工智能发明创造的可专利性问题,主要涉及发明人资格、专利权归属以及专利审查标准等三个具体问题。就发明人资格而言,人工智能具有成为发明人的客观条件,但仅能享有发明人署名权。在专利权归属问题上,人工智能不具备成为专利权人的客观条件,但人工智能的所有者和应用操作者等参与主体可遵循"约定优先"之规则;无约定或约定不明时,则按照他们对人工智能发明创造所作贡献的重要程度确定专利权归属:通常说来,人工智能的所有者因贡献最大,法律可规定其为专利权的优先获得者;若人工智能的应用操作者能证明自己也作出了实质性的重要贡献,则其可以成为专利权人或与人工智能的所有者一起成为共同专利权人。在专利审查标准方面,可适当提高人工智能发明创造的"专利三性"审查标准,并引入"绿色性"标准作为其价值导向,以提高人工智能专利的质量水平。
The invention of artificial intelligence and its wide application has posed challenges to the current patent protection system.The focus is the problem that the patentability of artificial intelligence inventions.It mainly related to three specific issues such as inventor qualification,patent ownership and patent examination standards.As far as the inventor qualification is concerned,artificial intelligence has an objective condition to become an inventor,but only the inventor’s right to authorship can be possessed.On the issue of ownership of patent rights,artificial intelligence does not have the objective conditions to become a patentee,but the owner and application operators of the artificial intelligence may follow the rules of “appointment priority”;if there is no agreement or the agreement is unclear,then the importance of their contribution to the creation of artificial intelligence determines the ownership of patent rights.Generally speaking,the owner of artificial intelligence has the greatest contribution,and the law could stipulate that it is the priority winner of the patent right.If the application operator of artificial intelligence can prove that he has made a substantial and important contribution,he can become a patentee or become a joint patentee with the owner of artificial intelligence.In terms of patent examination standards,the “patent three” review criteria for artificial intelligence inventions can be appropriately improved,and the “greenness” standard should be introduced as its value orientation to improve the quality level of artificial intelligence patents.
作者
邓建志
程智婷
DENG Jian-zhi;CHENG Zhi-ting(School of Law,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)
出处
《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2019年第2期15-24,共10页
Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
湖南省哲学社会科学基金重点项目"专利制度的生态化重构研究"(17ZDB017)
湖南师范大学一流学科建设项目和湖南省重点学科建设资助项目
关键词
人工智能
专利保护制度
发明人资格
专利权归属
专利审查标准
artificial intelligence
patent protection system
inventor qualification
patent ownership
patent examination standard
