摘要
通识教育发展源远流长,其内涵也随着时代的发展不断丰富和完善。其中"统一性"和"差异性"较为符合通识教育的时代内涵。20世纪30年代,美国高等教育实用主义、职业主义和功利主义盛行,时任芝大校长罗伯特·梅纳德·赫钦斯认为这与高等教育培养理性完人的目标相悖,因此进行通识教育改革。关于通识教育与专业教育的关系,他主张"通"是"专"的前提和基础,"专"是"通"的发展和提升,二者是相互依存的关系,而非竞争对立的关系。厘清通识教育之"通"与"专"的关系,对当下高等教育的改革与发展能起到启发作用。
General education has a long history of development and its connotation has been enriched and improved as time gone.Among them,taking "unity" and "difference" as two aspects of general education are more consistent with the current connotation of general education.In the 1930 s,pragmatism,professionalism and utilitarianism prevailed in the higher education,the President of the university of Chicago,R.M.Hutchins believed that this was contrary to the objective of cultivating rational perfection in higher education,so he carried out general education reform.The general education reform in dealing with the relations between general education and professional education, "common" is the basis of professional "special", "special" is the development of "common",they are mutually dependent and common progress,rather than competition,opposing relationship.Today,to clarify the relationship between education’s "common" and "special" still plays an important role in the reform and development of higher education.
作者
马士茹
MA Shiru(Physical Education Department of Nanjing Sport University, Nanjing Jiangsu 210014, China)
出处
《四川文理学院学报》
2019年第1期150-154,共5页
Sichuan University of Arts and Science Journal
关键词
通识教育
专业教育
赫钦斯
改革
general education
professional education
R. M. Hutchins
reform
