摘要
2011年以来,以《工商企业与人权:实施联合国"保护、尊重和补救"框架指导原则》的核可为标志,国际工商业与人权议程进入了全新的发展阶段。与此同时,随着中国逐渐成为世界上最大的经济体之一,中国企业也在国内外产生越来越大的人权影响。在此背景下,中国人权政策向"支柱二"转变,即"企业有责任尊重人权",从而将人权从公法规范准则转变为包括企业在内的私营部门的价值原则。这种转变既是中国业界在国内应对输入型人权挑战的结果,也是中国企业在海外投资贸易中积极应对输出型人权挑战的原因。目前中国已经通过一系列政策上的转变,将国际人权原则和规范转化为中国工商企业应予尊重和遵守的价值原则体系和行为准则,这将大力提升中国企业在海内外尊重人权的责任意识和能力。同时,中国在工商业与人权领域面临着多个维度的挑战和机遇。因此,中国应在切实履行自身保护人权的义务的同时,不断优化和强化"支柱二"政策,以便在理念和实践层面推进企业对人权责任的了解和展示。
The international agenda on business and human rights has entered a new era when the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights was endorsed in 2011.Meanwhile,as China is growing to become one of the biggest economies in the world,Chinese businesses are exerting greater impacts on human rights in and outside China.The“Pillar II”policy shift of the Chinese government regarding human rights refers to the translation of human rights from norms of public law to value principles for the private sector including businesses,and such a policy shift has been both a result of the Chinese businesses dealing with“imported human rights challenges”in China,and one of the reasons for Chinese businesses tackling“exported human rights challenges”in overseas investment and trade.Through a series of policy changes,the Chinese government has transformed international human rights principles and norms into a value system and code of conduct meant for Chinese businesses to respect and observe,which can greatly enhance the awareness and capacity of Chinese businesses in fulfilling their responsibility to respect human rights in and outside China.On the other hand,the challenges and opportunities from different dimensions are faced by the Chinese government and businesses in business and human rights.Therefore besides effectively fulfilling its duty to protect human rights,the Chinese government needs to optimize and strengthen its“Pillar II”policies,so as to push and support Chinese businesses in knowing and showing their responsibility to respect human rights at both perception and practice levels.
出处
《国际法研究》
2018年第6期3-20,共18页
Chinese Review of International Law
关键词
工商业与人权
政策转变
业界实践
Business and Human Rights
Policy Shift
Business Practices
