摘要
目的分析邢台市2012-2016年手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定有效的手足口病防制策略和措施提供科学依据。方法利用邢台市2012-2016年手足口病监测和中国疾病预防控制系统的疫情数据,应用描述流行病学方法和SPSS 16.0软件对数据进行流行病学分析。结果 2012-2016年邢台市累计报告手足口病病例20 128例,年均发病率为53.97/10万,其中重症病例139例。2012-2016年各年发病率分别为77.68/10万、36.76/10万、66.93/10万、34.11/10万、54.36/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 958,P<0.05),每年重症病例数占全年发病总数的比例分别为0.93%、0.74%、0.92%、0.58%、0.12%。全年各月均有病例报告,发病高峰为4～8月;发病以5岁以下儿童为主,占96.94%;男性多于女性;职业分布以散居儿童为主,占发病总数的91.54%。从病毒构成看,2012-2016年实验室共检测手足口病病例标本2 432份,阳性1 643份,其中普通病例以EV 71、Cox A16感染为主,其他肠道病毒构成比呈现上升趋势,重症病例以EV 71感染为主。结论手足口病的防控应采取综合措施,重点做好托幼、学前班等重点机构的管理,严格落实学生晨午检和因病缺勤登记制度,切实保障儿童身体健康。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease（ HFMD） in Xingtai during2012-2016,and to provide scientific evidence for the effective prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Based on the epidemic data of hand-foot-mouth disease surveillance and China Disease Control and Prevention System in Xingtai from 2012 to2016 years,descriptive epidemiological method and SPSS 16. 0 software were used to analyze the data. Results From 2012 to2016,Xingtai City reported a total of 20 128 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease,with an average annual incidence rate of53. 97/100 000,including 139 severe cases. The incidence rate during 2012-2016 years were 77. 68/100 000,36. 76/100000,66. 93/100 000,34. 11/100 000,54. 36/100 000 respectively. There were statistically significant differences in annual incidence（ χ^2= 1 958,P〈0. 05）. The proportion of severe cases per year accounted for 0. 93%,0. 74%,0. 92%,0. 58%,0. 12%,respectively. Case were reported in each month of the year. The peak incidence was from April to August. The occurence was mainly among children under 5 years old,accounting for 96. 94%; the incidence of male was more than that of female. The occupational distribution was dominated by scattered children,accounting for 91. 54% of the total incidence. From the perspective of virus formation,2 432 cases of hand foot mouth disease were detected during 2012-2016 years,and 1 643 cases were positive,among which,EV 71 and Cox A16 infection were the predominant infections in common cases,and the composition ratio of other enteroviruses showed an upward trend. Severe cases were mainly EV 71 infection. Conclusion It is necessary to conduct strict implementation of the student morning check and absence due to illness registration system to effectively protect children＇s health.
作者
刘中霞
薛卫聪
刘艳丽
张保国
张云瑞
LIU Zhongxia;XUE Weicong;LIU Yanli;ZHANG Baoguo;ZHANG Yunrui(Xingtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hebei 054000,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2018年第12期1133-1137,共5页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
邢台市科技计划项目(2016ZC287)
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
分析
肠道病毒
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Epidemiology
Analyse
Enterovirus
