摘要
目的了解佛山市南海区手足口病病原体型别及其流行特征,为手足口病疫情防控工作提供参考依据。方法 2015-2018年每年的4~8月在哨点医院收集手足口病病例粪便标本,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对标本进行肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)71型,柯萨奇病毒A组16型(coxsackievirus A16,CVA16)、6型(coxsackievirus A6,CVA6)、10型(coxsackievirus A10,CVA10)核酸检测,并分析各型肠道病毒检出率的时间分布、男女性别及年龄组差异。结果共收集435份粪便标本,阳性385份,阳性率为88.51%,EV 71、CVA16、CVA6、CVA10检出率分别为8.97%、18.16%、40.00%、11.26%,其他肠道病毒(未分型)检出率为9.43%,混合感染阳性率为0.69%。连续4年4~8月肠道病毒检出率分别为95.28%、80.20%、89.09%、88.98%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.702,P<0.01),2015、2017年CVA6检出率最高(66.98%、63.64%);2016、2018年CVA16检出率最高(37.62%、31.36%)。男女性别差异在手足口病病原检出率上差异无统计学意义。除总肠道病毒、CVA10在各年龄组检出率差异无统计学意义外(χ■=8.514,χ■=5.636,P>0.05),其他病原型检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ■=14.258,χ■=25.587,χ■=17.581,χ■=17.743,P<0.05)。2岁内幼儿CVA6检出率最高(46.59%),3~4岁组EV 71检出率最高(21.57%),4~5岁组CVA16检出率最高(38.89%),其他未分型检出率在5岁以上组最高(31.25%)。与EV 71、CVA16相比,CVA6更易感染年龄偏小儿童。2018年肠道病毒各型检出率时间分布较其他年份明显改变,CVA10检出率明显增高。结论 2015-2018年佛山市南海区手足口病病原以CVA6和CVA16为主,隔年交替出现高峰,各年龄组中不同型肠道病毒检出率存在差异。
Objective To understand the pathogen spectrum and its epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Nanhai District,Foshan City,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods Stool specimens of HFMD cases were collected at sentinel hospitals from April to August in 2015-2018.The nucleic acids of enterovirus(EV),including enterovirus 71(EV 71),coxsackievirus A16(CVA16),coxsackievirus A6(CVA6) and coxsackievirus A10(CVA10) were detected by real-time PCR.The time distribution,gender and age group differences of each type of EV detection rate were analysed.Results A total of 435 specimens were collected,385 samples were detected with positive results,accounting for 88.51%.The proportions with positive results of EV 71,CVA16,CVA6 and CVA10 were 8.97%,18.16%,40.00% and 11.26%,respectively.And the proportions with positive results of other types of EV(untyped),and mixed infection were 9.43% and 0.69%,respectively.The positive detection rates of EV for the four consecutive years from April to August were 95.28%,80.20%,89.09%,and 88.98%,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(χ~2=11.702,P<0.01).The detection rate of CVA6 in 2015 and 2017 were the highest,accounting for 66.98% and 63.64%,respectively.In 2016 and 2018,the detection rate of CVA16 were the highest,accounting for 37.62% and 31.36%,respectively.Gender differences were not statistically significant in the detection rate of HFMD pathogens.Except that the total EV and CVA10 had no statistical significance in the detection rate of each age group(χ■=8.514, χ■=5.636,P>0.05),the detection rate of other types had statistical significance(χ■=14.258, χ■=25.587, χ■=17.581, χ■=17.743,P<0.05).The detection rate of CVA6 was the highest among children under 2 years old,accoundting for 45.59%.The detection rate of EV 71 was the highest among children aged 3~4 years,accounting for 21.57%.CVA16 detection rate was the highest in children aged 4~5 years(38.89%),and the other untyped EV detec
作者
张彦丽
李钰桦
苏彦
钱树星
罗琳
ZHANG Yanli;LI Yuhua;SU Yan;QIAN Shuxing;LUO Lin(Foshan City Nanhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong528200,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2020年第6期547-550,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
佛山市南海区“十三五”重点专科(特色专科)建设项目(南医管局[2016]59号)。
关键词
手足口病
肠道病毒
病原体
实验室检测
Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)
Enterovirus
Pathogen
Laboratory testing
