摘要
目的分析贵州省手足口病流行特征变化,为进一步完善贵州省手足口病防控措施和策略提供理论依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出贵州省2010—2021年的手足口病病例信息,采用描述流行病学方法对其三间分布和病原学特征进行分析。结果2010—2021年贵州省共报告手足口病病例437511例,年报告发病率为67.98/10万~162.90/10万,年平均发病率101.80/10万;重症病例8349例,重症率1.91%;死亡171例。发病多呈双峰分布,高峰分别为4—6月和9—11月。全省各市(州)均有手足口病病例报告,发病数前3位的市(州)分别是遵义市(114669例,占26.21%)、贵阳市(110460例,占25.25%)和六盘水市(39874例,占9.11%)。发病人群主要为散居儿童(345577例,占78.99%);年龄分布上,0~5岁年龄组报告病例较多(413965例,占94.62%);性别分布上,男性较多,男女性别比为1∶0.64。2010—2012年贵州省手足口病以肠道病毒A组71型(enterovirus A71,EV-A71)为优势毒株,2013年开始其他肠道病毒为优势毒株。结论近年来,贵州省手足口病发病率总体呈波动下降趋势,5岁及以下儿童是防控重点,同时应加强对病毒病原体变化的监测。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Guizhou Province from 2010 to 2021 for theoretical basis to perfect the prevention and control measures for this infection.Methods The case information on HFMD reported in Guizhou Province between 2010 and 2021 was retrieved from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and then analyzed pertinent to the distribution and pathogens of the virus by descriptive epidemiology.Results In total,437511 cases of HFMD were reported in Guizhou Province from 2010 to 2021.The incidence reported annually was between 67.98 and 162.90 per 100000 population,the average annual incidence was 101.80/100000 population.Of the 437511 cases,8349 cases were severe,with a rate of severe case being 1.91%,and there were 171 deaths.Most of the cases showed bimodal distribution,which occurred in April-June and September-November respectively.Cases of HFMD were reported in across the province,and the most hit areas were Zunyi(114669 cases,26.21%),Guiyang(110460 cases,25.25%)and Liupanshui(39874 cases,9.11%).The high-risk population was children living at home(345577 cases,78.99%),and children aged 0-5 years were most reported(413965 cases,94.62%).In terms of sex distribution,there were more males,with a sex ratio of 1∶0.64.From 2010 to 2012,enterovirus A71(EV-A71)was the predominant strain of HFMD,and after 2013,other enteroviruses became the dominant strain in Guizhou Province.Conclusion In recent years,the incidence of HFMD in Guizhou Province showed a fluctuating downward trend.Children under 5 years should be the focus for prevention and control,at the same time,the monitor of virus type should be strengthened.
作者
申筑
刘慧慧
黄艳
刘昭兵
蒋琦
蒋昔希
吴军
SHEN Zhu;LIU Huihui;HUANG Yan;LIU Zhaobing;JIANG Qi;JIANG Xixi;WU Jun(Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou Province,China;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《热带病与寄生虫学》
CAS
2023年第4期195-198,共4页
Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2020〕4Y169)。
关键词
手足口病
流行特征
贵州省
Hand,foot and mouth disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Guizhou Province
