摘要
为探索烤烟减肥增效技术,以烤烟品种红花大金元为试验材料,采用田间试验,在减施氮肥条件下设置0、80、105和130 mg/L等4个壳寡糖浓度处理,分别在移栽后30、40、50和60 d喷施烟株,研究了烤烟喷施壳寡糖对烤烟氮素利用率和烟叶品质的影响。结果表明,减氮未喷施壳寡糖烟株田间长势较差,烤烟产量和品质较低。在减施氮肥20%条件下,喷施壳寡糖可促进烟株打顶前的生长,提高烟株对氮素的吸收量和氮素利用率,且随着壳寡糖浓度的增加效果更明显。减施氮肥20%配合喷施105 mg/L壳寡糖处理的烤烟上等烟比例和感官品质均优于常规施氮量的对照;与常规施氮量的对照相比,产值增加26.33%,氮肥表观利用率和农艺利用率分别增加39.33%和61.02%。因此,在烤烟氮肥减施条件下,烟株生长前期喷施壳寡糖水溶肥具有显著的增质增效作用。
In order to reduce nitrogen application rate and increase nitrogen utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco, a field experiment was carried out by taking flue-cured tobacco cv. Honghuadajinyuan as an experimental material. Chitooligosaccharide solutions at four concentrations（0,80,105 and 130 mg/L）were sprayed on tobacco plants on the 30th,40th,50th and 60th days after transplanting,respectively. The effects of chitooligosaccharide spraying on the nitrogen utilization efficiency and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that the growth potential,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco deteriorated when nitrogen application rate was reduced without spraying chitooligosaccharide. The treatments of reducing 20% nitrogen fertilizer and spraying chitooligosaccharide promoted the growth of tobacco before topping,increased the absorption of nitrogen and nitrogen utilization efficiency; and the promotion effects became more obvious with the increase of chitooligosaccharide concentration. Under the treatment of 20% nitrogen fertilizer reduction and spraying 105 mg/L chitooligosaccharide,the proportion of high grade leaves and sensory quality were better than those at conventional nitrogen application rate（the control）. Comparing with the control,the output value, apparent nitrogen utilization efficiency and agronomic utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco increased by 26.33%,39.33% and 61.02%,respectively. Therefore,under the condition of reducing nitrogen application rate,spraying chitooligosaccharide solution at early growing stage has significant promotion effects on the quality and nitrogen use efficiency of flue-cured tobacco.
作者
任梦娟
段卫东
孙军伟
申洪涛
杨惠娟
王俊
胡坤
史宏志
REN Mengjuan;DUAN Weidong;SUN Junwei;SHEN Hongtao;YANG Huijuan;WANG Jun;HU Kun;SHI Hongzhi(National Tobacco Cultivation ＆ Physiology ＆ Biochemistry Research Center,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450047,China;Dali Branch of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company,Dali 671000,Yunnan,China)
出处
《烟草科技》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期14-19,共6页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室项目"烟草氮代谢动态精准调控技术研究"(201601)
云南省烟草公司科技项目"提升红大烟叶品质的深化技术研究及应用"(2013YN28)
关键词
烤烟
壳寡糖
产量
品质
氮肥
利用率
Flue-cured tobacco
Chitooligosaccharide
Yield
Quality
Nitrogen fertilizer
Utilization efficiency
