摘要
为明确聚天门冬氨酸(PASP)对减氮条件下烤烟氮代谢及氮素吸收利用的调控效应,以不减氮不配施PASP为对照,在减氮10%的条件下,配施不同用量的PASP[0、2.5%、5.0%和7.5%(总氮量质量分数)],研究减氮配施PASP对烤烟氮代谢关键酶活性、SPAD值、光合日变化、氮素吸收、氮肥利用率及植烟土壤氮素平衡的影响。结果表明:减氮处理的烤烟氮代谢及氮素吸收利用相关指标均低于对照,但减氮条件下配施不同用量PASP的处理,与减氮未配施PASP相比,烤烟硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性均有所上升,且在配施5.0%PASP处理时最为显著。配施PASP处理的叶片SPAD值和净光合速率也有不同程度增加,尤其以配施5.0%PASP的处理与对照最接近。配施PASP处理的氮素吸收总量、氮肥农学效率、偏生产力、当季回收率和经济利用率均大幅提高,氮素表观盈亏值和平衡率则显著下降,其中配施5.0%PASP处理不仅显著高于配施0、2.5%和7.5%PASP的处理,也高于对照。综合来看,减氮10%条件下配施5.0%的PASP有利于促进烤烟氮代谢和氮素吸收利用,减少土壤氮素盈余。
To clarify the regulation effects of polyaspartic acid(PASP)on nitrogen metabolism,absorption and utilization for flue-cured tobacco,the influences of reducing nitrogen application rate combined with applying PASP on the key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism,SPAD value,diurnal change of photosynthesis,nitrogen absorption,nitrogen utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco and nitrogen balance of tobacco growing soil were studied at different PASP application amounts(0,2.5%,5.0%,7.5%,mass fraction)while reducing nitrogen application rate by 10%.The treatment without reducing nitrogen rate and applying PASP was taken as the control.The results showed that the indexes relating to nitrogen metabolism,absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco in all the nitrogen reduction treatments were lower than those in the control treatment.However,under the condition of nitrogen reduction,the activities of NR,GS,GOT and GPT in the treatments with different amounts of PASP increased compared with the treatment without applying PASP,and the increasing effect was the most significant in the treatment with 5.0%PASP.The SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate with the PASP treatment also increased in varying degrees,especially in the treatment with 5.0%PASP whose values were the closest to the control.The total nitrogen absorption,agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer,partial productivity,seasonal recovery rate and economic utilization rate of the PASP treatment increased significantly,while the apparent surplus and deficient amount and balance of nitrogen in tobacco planting soil decreased significantly.Among all the treatments,the treatment with 5.0%PASP was not only significantly higher than those with 0,2.5%and 7.5%PASP,but also higher than the control.In conclusion,reducing nitrogen application rate by 10%combined with applying 5.0%PASP could promote the nitrogen metabolism,absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco and reduce the nitrogen surplus in soil.
作者
杨启航
陈建军
叶晓青
周国荣
李淮源
邓世媛
YANG Qihang;CHEN Jianjun;YE Xiaoqing;ZHOU Guorong;LI Huaiyuan;DENG Shiyuan(Tobacco Research Laboratory,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China;Shenzhen Tobacco Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518109,Guangdong,China)
出处
《烟草科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期1-10,共10页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
深圳烟草工业有限责任公司基地项目“深圳烟草‘双喜·好日子’品牌导向型新田新圩基地优质烟叶生产技术开发及示范推广”(SZGY201703)。
关键词
烤烟
减氮
聚天门冬氨酸(PASP)
氮代谢
氮肥利用率
氮素平衡
Flue-cured tobacco
Reducing nitrogen application rate
Polyaspartic acid
Nitrogen metabolism
Nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate
Nitrogen balance
