摘要
教师吸引力是指教师职业吸引力,包括职业候选人优先选择教师职业,在岗教师热爱教师职业,全社会羡慕教师职业等内涵。其具体指标包括:教师队伍结构合理;薪酬与福利高于公务员;工作条件舒适;合格教师留得住;选择教师职业人数踊跃等方面。以此为理论框架考察欧盟中小学教育,发现它们正遭遇教师结构失衡;薪酬与福利低;工作条件蜕化;合格教师队伍不稳定;优秀人才难以进入等问题。从完善教师终身学习系统、教师管理、公共舆论等三方面入手,欧盟采取如下措施:一是强化教师职前教育,重视教师入职教育和完善教师继续教育;二是改善工作条件,提高薪酬以及健全招聘系统;三是加强舆论宣传,弘扬尊师重教传统,树立教师正面形象,重建教师崇高地位。欧盟教师发展状况与我国乡村的教师状况具有相似性,其对我国乡村教师吸引力的启示:一是厚生与保障,提升教师管理的科学性与人文性;二是强舆与扬道,彰显教师职业的崇高性与神圣性;三是自修与持恒,提升教师发展的自主性与超越性。
The attractiveness of teachers refers to the professional attractiveness of teachers, including the professional candidates＇ preference for teacher＇ s profession, teachers love the occupation of teacher and the whole society envies the profession of teachers. The specific indicators include ： the structure of teachers is reasonable, the salary and welfare are higher than the civil servants, the working conditions are comfortable, the qualified teachers are willing to stay, and the people who choose teacher as their careers are a lot. Using the specific indicators to examine the primary and middle schools in EU countries, we found that they are encountering the problems, such as the imbalance of teacher＇ s structure, the low salary and welfare, the degradation of working conditions, the instability of quali- fied teachers and the excellent talent is difficult to enter. From three aspects, such as perfecting the lifelong learning system, the management of teachers and the public opinions, the EU has taken the following measures： （1） to strengthen pre service education, attach importance to teacher＇ s entry education and improve teacher＇ s continuing education; （2） to improve working conditions, raise salaries and improve recruitment system ; （3） to strengthen the propaganda of public opinions, carry forward the tradition of respecting teachers and teach hard, set up a positive image of teachers, and rebuild the lofty status of teachers. The development of EU teachers is similar to that of rural areas in China. The inspiration to our rural teachers is ： （ 1 ） to ensure the lives and safety of teachers and promote the scientific and humanistic natures of teacher management; （2） to strengthen the propaganda of public opinions and highlight the sublimity and sanctity of teacher＇ s profession; （3） to insist on self-study and enhance the autonomy and transcendence of teacher＇ s development.
作者
杨明刚
于思琪
唐松林
YANG Minggang;YU Siqi;TANG Songlin(College of Marxism,Hunan University,Changsha,Hunan 410082,China;Institute of Higher Education,Hunan University,Changsha,Hunan 410082,China)
出处
《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期84-92,共9页
Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University
基金
湖南省教育科学"十二五"规划重点基金项目"城镇化推进中村落社区变迁及学习型社区建设研究"[XJK014AFZ001]
湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会2018年度重大课题"以教师组织社会:农村学习型社区建设研究"[2018-01-09]
2015年度湖南省哲学社会科学基金一般项目[15YBA247]
关键词
教师吸引力
欧盟
教师职前教育
终身教育
导师制
乡村教师
公共舆论
teacher attractiveness
the European Union
the education of pre service teacher
lifelong education
tutorial system
rural teachers
public opinions
