摘要
过去四十年中国经济高速增长和国力迅速提升的终极动力何在?未来中国的发展潜力如何?不同于既往研究之侧重于市场、产权和微观激励机制等具体而直接的经济因素,作者转而从历史和社会人文的视角,聚焦于国家规模、族群构成、价值体系、人力资本以及国家定位等较为间接但更为根本的因素,认为这五个因素汇聚于一起,形成了超乎各种具体制度和举措的影响力之上的"元实力",构成中国所独有的国家竞争优势。相对于经济制度和政策的可变性和短暂性,它具有持久、稳定的特征,不仅成为改革开放以来中国经济快速发展最为强劲的动力,也必将在未来一二十年内成功驱动整个经济社会结构的现代转型。本文首先检视了支撑元实力的五个要素,继而分析了元实力释放的空间和时间维度,最后从国际比较的视角观察中国的综合竞争优势。
What is the ultimate force driving China's fast economic growth in the past four decades? And will China be able to grow continuously in the future?Departing from past studies that have mainly addressed specific economic factors such as marketing,property rights,and micro-level incentives,this article instead employs a historical and social-cultural perspective and focuses on a set of indirect but more fundamental factors,including the size of the nation,ethnic composition,cultural values,human capital,and state positioning. It is argued that the converging of these five factors in contemporary China enables the functioning of the so-called"meta-power,"which transcends the influences of specific economic institutions and measures and constitutes the comprehensive competitive advantage unique to China. Unlike economic institutions and policies that are changeable and temporary,the meta-power underlying China's rapid growth during the reform era has been endurable and stable by and large,and will continue to sustain the nation's economic and social transformation in the decades to come. Beginning with an examination of each of the five factors,this article discusses the spatial and temporal dimensions in the functioning of the meta-power in China's recent past,and ends with a review of its comprehensive competitive advantage from a global perspective.
作者
李怀印
Li Huaiyin(Department of History, The University of Texas at Austi)
出处
《开放时代》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期143-167,共25页
Open Times
关键词
国家规模
族群构成
价值体系
人力资本
国家定位
元实力
state size
ethnic composition
value system
human capital
national strategic orientation
meta-power
