摘要
先秦时期儒道学派的发展与传统科学的系统性进步不无关系。基于先秦典籍《论语》和《道德经》的文本记述,从基本科学概念的不同阐述与灵活应用、主要自然现象及其规律的认识与分析、科学知识的专门化发展及其评价3个方面可以比较全面地考察儒道学派与传统科学的互动关系。分析认为,儒家重人伦,但吸收了传统科学的若干重要成果,以科学概念和传统科技成果去建构其庞大的社会人伦系统;道家讲自然,在对自然万物及其规律性的认识基础上将传统科学认识运用到社会人文领域,既是对自然万物之道的社会延伸,也是将自然与社会相结合的知识建构。
During the pre-Qin period,Confucianism and Taoism were closely linked with the systematic progress of Chinese traditional sciences. Based on the pre-Qin classics,the＂ The Analects＂and ＂Tao Te Ching,＂this paper examines the interactive relationship between Confucianism and Taoism and the traditional sciences,taking into account three aspects： the varied expositions and flexible applications of basic scientific concepts,the recognition and analyses of the main natural phenomena and their laws,and specialized development and its evaluations of scientific knowledge. Confucianism placesgreat value on human relationships, but it also absorbed several important achievements from the traditional sciences; thus,it built a huge social ethics system with scientific concepts and traditional scientific achievements. On the other hand,Taoism considers nature,and,furthermore,based on its understanding of natural species and its rules,it applies its philosophized cognitions regarding traditional science to humanistic society. Thus,it is not only a social extension of nature＇s way but also a special type of knowledge construction that combines nature and society.
作者
卜风贤
汪宁
BU Feng-xian;WANG Ning(Northwest Institute of Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development,Shaanxi NormalUniversity,Xi’an 710062,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《长安大学学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第2期9-21,共13页
Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition)
关键词
先秦时期
儒家
道家
传统科学
知识体系
pre-Qin period
Confucianism
Taoism
traditional science
knowledge system
