摘要
目的将学校教学环境卫生监测数据在不同学校分类中存在的差异进行分析,了解南岗区中小学校教室学习环境的卫生现状,为改善教学卫生条件提供科学依据。方法采取整群分层抽样方式,按照GB/T 18205-2012《学校卫生综合评价》(GB/T18205-2012)的要求对南岗区74所中小学校444间教室的教学环境卫生监测结果进行分析。结果所监测的444间教室的监测项目合格率较低,其中教室人均面积、课桌椅配置、黑板反射系数、课桌面平均照度、黑板面平均照度、窗地比合格率分别为51.35%、17.57%、64.19%、73.81%、66.89%、54.95%。中学教室人均面积、课桌椅、采光合格率(40.54%、5.41%、40.54%)均低于小学(62.16%、29.73%、54.05%);小学黑板、照明合格率(48.65%、48.65%)低于中学(70.27%、64.86%)。结论哈尔滨市南岗区学校教学环境卫生总体不太理想,课桌椅配置符合率低是突出的卫生问题,应引起相关部门的重视,按照国家卫生标准改进教学环境,为学生创造益于身心发育的学习环境。
Objective To analyze the differences in the classification of different schools about the data of school teaching environment health surveillance and understand the health status of primary and secondary schools of classroom learning environment in Nangang district,to provide scientific basis for improving teaching health conditions. Methods According to the stratified sampling,the teaching environment health monitoring results of 444 classrooms from 74 primary and secondary schools in Nangang district were analyzed by the comprehensive evaluation of school health（ GB/t18205-2012） Results The qualification rate of 444 classrooms participating in the monitoring project was lower,the qualified rates of average space,desks and chairs in the classroom configuration,blackboard reflection coefficient,average illumination on desk,average illuminance of blackboard,window area ratio were 51. 35%,17. 57%,64. 19%,66. 89%,54. 95%. The rates of average space,desks and chairs,lighting in secondary schools（ 40. 54%,5. 41%,40. 54%） were lower than those in primary schools（ 62. 16%,29. 73%,54. 05%）; the rates of blackboard,illumination in primary school（ 48. 65%,48. 65%） were less than secondary school（ 70. 27%,64. 86%）. Conclusion The school teaching environment and health in Nangang district of Harbin is not so ideal as a whole,low rate of table and chair configuration compliance is prominent health problem. It should arouse the attention of relevant department,according to the national health standard for improving the teaching environment,create conducive to the physical and mental development of learning environment for students.
作者
侯宇明
那晓琳
安娜
HOU Yu-ming;NA Xiao-lin;An Na(Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China;Health Supervision Institute of Nangang district in Harbin;Centre for Qisease Control and Prevention of Natong City,Jiangsu)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2018年第3期398-400,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
中小学校
教学环境
监测
primary and secondary schools
teaching environmental
monitoring
