摘要
目的 了解上海市中小学校可调式和固定式课桌椅的分配符合率,为课桌椅使用管理提供参考。方法 于2019年6月11—25日,采用分层整群抽样方法,对上海市黄埔、虹口、杨浦和嘉定4个区7所中小学校33间教室的1 019套课桌椅进行测量,同时收集就座学生同一学期的身高体检数据,依据学校课桌椅功能尺寸及技术要求标准评价课桌椅功能尺寸和学生身高的匹配类型。结果 中小学课桌椅分配符合率为22.5%,小学、初中和高中的符合率分别为11.7%,27.1%和40.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=83.23,P<0.01);可调式课桌椅的符合率(28.2%)高于固定式(18.1%)(χ^(2)=14.49,P<0.01)。不符合国标的课桌椅主要表现为高配,从小学到高中,分配类型呈现高桌高椅、高配小桌大椅向高配大桌小椅的变化趋势。结论 中小学课桌椅分配符合率偏低,配置可调式课桌椅在一定程度上改善了课桌椅使用中的问题,但没有大幅度提高符合率。还需要进一步探讨可调式课桌椅使用中的有效管理模式,改善学校课桌椅的使用现况。
Objective To understand the coincidence rate of adjustable and non-adjustable desks and chairs in primary and secondary schools in Shanghai, so as to provide a reference for the effective management of desks and chairs in schools. Methods Stratified random cluster sampling was applied to measure 1 091 sets of desks and chairs in 33 classrooms of 7 primary and secondary schools in 4 districts of Shanghai including Huangpu, Hongkou, Yangpu and Jiading districts. The height examination data of seated students in the same semester were also collected to evaluate the matching type of functional size of desks and chairs and students’ height according to Functional Sizes and Technical Requirements of Chairs and Tables for Educational Institutions. Results The matching coincidence rate of desk and chair distribution in primary and secondary schools was 22.5%, and the matching coincidence rates of primary, middle and high schools were 11.7%, 27.1% and 40.9% respectively(χ^(2)=83.23, P<0.01);the matching coincidence rate of adjustable desks and chairs(28.2%) was significantly higher than that of fixed(18.2%)(χ^(2)=14.49, P<0.01). The type of distribution of desks and chairs that do not correspond to national standards, from elementary school to high school, showing a trend of high desks with high chairs, low desks with high chairs to high desks with low chairs. Conclusion The coincidence rate of desk and chair distribution in primary and secondary schools is low, and the adjustable desks and chairs has improved the problems to a certain extent, but has not significantly improved the coincidence rate. It is necessary to further explore the effective management mode in the use of adjustable desks and chairs and improve the current situation of the use of desks and chairs in schools.
作者
欧阳芳
谭晖
章丽
杨玉娟
伊鲁波
王震维
阮一凡
OUYANG Fang;TAN Hui;ZHANG Li;YANG Yujuan;YI Lubo;WANG Zhenwei;RUAN Yifan(Educational Technology Equipment Center Shanghai Education Committee,Shanghai(200070),China;不详)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期287-290,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划资助(15GWZK0402)。
关键词
课桌椅
合格鉴定
设备和供应
中小学生卫生保健服务
Desk and chair
Eligibility determination
Equipment and supplies
School health services
