摘要
目的了解2015—2019年台山市中小学校卫生状况,为制定改善学校卫生条件的政策和干预策略提供参考依据。方法于2015—2019年,对台山市107所中小学校抽取612间教室、213间宿舍和168份生活饮用水,依据国家标准进行学校教学环境、生活环境和生活饮用水卫生检测并进行评价。结果学校卫生监测总合格率为64.49%,城区合格率(93.55%)高于乡镇(52.63%),中学合格率(84.62%)高于小学(52.94%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。课桌椅分配符合率、黑板下缘与讲台地面距离、宿舍人均面积及生活饮用水合格率在城乡学校间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);课桌椅分配符合率、黑板下缘与讲台地面距离、窗地面积比、后墙反射比合格率在中、小学校间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论2015—2019年台山市中小学校卫生监测结果不容乐观,总体水平较低,学校课桌椅分配符合率低、黑板面照度和课桌面照度低等主要问题亟待解决,教育及卫生健康部门应高度重视,并采取有效的整改措施,改善学校卫生状况,保障中小学生的身心健康。
Objective To understand the health status of primary and secondary schools in Taishan City from 2015-2019,provide reference for formulating policies and intervention strategies to improve school health conditions. Methods A total of 612 classrooms,213 dormitories and 168 drinking water samples were collected from 107 primary and secondary schools in Taishan City from 2015-2019,and the school teaching environment,living environment and drinking water sanitation were tested and evaluated according to the relevant national standards. Results The total qualified rate of school health monitoring was 64.49%. The qualified rate of urban area(93.55%)was higher than that of the township(52.63%),while the qualified rate of middle schools(84.62%)was higher than that of the primary schools(52.94%),and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the matching rate of desks and chairs allocation,distances of the lower edge of the blackboard to the floor and the podium,per capita area of dormitories,and qualified rate of drinking water between urban and rural schools(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the matching rate of desks and chairs allocation,distances of the lower edge of the blackboard to the floor and the podium,the area ratio of windows to the floor,and the qualified rate of the reflection ratio of the back wall between primary and secondary schools(all P<0.05). Conclusion The health monitoring results of primary and secondary schools in Taishan City are not optimistic,the overall level is low,the main problems such as low matching rate of school desks and chairs,low illuminance of blackboard surface and desk surface need to be solved urgently. The education and health departments should attach great importance to it,and take effective rectification measures to improve the health status of schools and ensure the physical and mental health of primary and secondary school students.
作者
伍颖华
梁侨任
WU Ying-hua;LIANG Qiao-ren(First Department of Public Health,Taishan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taishan Guangdong,529200,China;Department of Public Health,Taishan Health Bureau,Taishan Guangdong,529200,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第16期2265-2269,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
小学
中学
学校卫生
监测结果
Pramary school
Secondary school
School health
Monitoring results
