摘要
目的调查云南省边境地区2017年1起麻疹暴发疫情的原因，评价防控措施效果。方法对病例开展流行病学调查，采集病原学标本进行麻疹病毒分离和鉴定；对疫情地区8月龄-35岁人群开展两轮麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗（MR）的应急免疫及其效果评价。结果本起疫情共报告2例麻疹病例，为母子，母亲发病前18d曾去泰国；2例病例均分离到麻疹病毒，首株病毒与D8基因型参考株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为97．5％、97．4％；与第二株病毒的同源性分别为99．1％和99．3％。当地人群的MR应急接种率为99．10％（2745／2770），应急免疫后麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为98．61％（71／72）、抗体几何平均滴度为1：9076．19，未再出现麻疹病例。结论本起暴发由境外输入的D8基因型麻疹病毒引起，在云南省首次监测发现；采用MR应急免疫有效控制了疫情。
Objective To investigate an outbreak of measles in a border area of Yunnan province and to evaluate the effectiveness of control measures. Methods We conducted an epidemiological survey of ca- ses, collected samples for measles virus isolation and identification, and conducted 2 rounds of emergency vaccination with measles and rubella combined vaccine （MR） among individuals aged 8 months to 35 years. Results Two cases of measles were reported - a mother and her son. The mother had been to Thailand 18 days before rash onset. Measles virus was isolated from both cases. Nucleotide and amino acid homologies between the first measles virus isolate and a D8 reference strain were 97.5% and 97.4%, respectively, and between the 2 isolates were 99. 1% and 99.3%, respectively. Emergency MR vaccination reached 99. 10% （2 745/2 770） of the target population. Among a sample of those vac- cinated, measles IgG antibody positivity was 98.61% （71/72 ）, and the geometric mean titer of antibody was 1：9 076. 19. No new measles cases occurred after emergency MR vaccination. Conclusions The outbreak was caused by a D8 genotype measles virus -the first one detected in Yunnan. MR emergency vaccination appeared to stop the outbreak.
作者
余文
赵智娴
李立群
周榕溶
张杰
李琼芬
Yu Wen, Zhao Zhixian, Li Liqun, Zhou Rongrong, Zhang Jie, Li Qiongfen(Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, Yunnan , Chin)
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
北大核心
2018年第1期32-35,47,共5页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
