摘要
为探究富含不饱和脂肪酸的过瘤胃脂肪对肉牛营养物质消化代谢和氮沉积的影响,本研究选用4头体重476±60 kg、年龄4.5岁、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的晋南阉牛,以精补料和玉米青贮为基础饲粮,饲粮蛋白质按照1.15倍的维持营养需要量的85%(低)、100%(中)和115%(高)设计3个水平,并在此基础上添加干物质采食量的0%、2.5%、5.0%和7.5%的过瘤胃脂肪,采用3×4两因素设计,共形成12组饲粮组合,测定养分消化率、氮沉积率和血液生化指标。结果表明,第8组饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)的表观消化率极显著高于第2组、显著高于第3和第4组,第7和第10组显著高于第2组;第4、第7、第8、第11和第12组粗脂肪(EE)的表观消化率极显著高于第1、第2、第5、第9组,第3、第6和第10组显著高于第1、第2、第5、第9组;第8和第10组无氮浸出物(NFE)的表观消化率显著高于第11组;第8组中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的表观消化率显著高于第11组。第1、第5、第6、第8和第11组的氮沉积率显著高于第12组。第10组三酰基甘油酯酶(ATGL)活性显著高于第6组;第3、第4、第5、第2和第7组的胰岛素(INS)浓度极显著高于第8组;第1和第2组的胰高血糖素(GC)浓度显著高于第9和第11组;第7组的生长激素(GH)浓度显著高于第2、第4、第5、第9、第10和第11组。综上,在以饲粮蛋白质水平为标准前提下,过瘤胃脂肪适宜添加量为饲粮的5.0%。本研究为肉牛养殖和高档肉牛生产提供了一定的理论依据。
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of rumen protected fat on nutrient apparent digestibility and nitrogen retention in steers. Four Jinnan steers（with body weight 476 ± 60 kg,4. 5 years of age） with permanent rumen fistulas were assigned at a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatment,the diet protein concentration was designed at 3 levels of 85%,100% and 115% of times maintenance nutrient levels supplemented with rumen protected fat at 4 levels of0%,2. 5%,5. 0% and 7. 5% DMI,then there were 12 diets in all,determine nutrient apparent digestibilities,nitrogen retention rate and blood biochemical indexes. The results showed as follows： 1） The CP apparent digestibility in group 8 was very significantly higher than that in groups 2,were significantly higher than that in groups 3 and 4,and the CP apparent digestibility in groups 7 and 10 were significantly higher than that in group 2; the EE apparent digestibility in groups 4,7,8,11 and 12 increased very significantly than in groups 1,2,5 and 9,the EE apparent digestibility in groups 3,6 and 10 increased very significantly than in groups 1,2,5 and 9; the NFE apparent digestibility in groups 8 and 10 increased significantly than in group 11; the NDF apparent digestibility in group 8 was significantly higher than that of group 11. 2） The N retention rate in groups 1,5,6,8 and 11 were significantly higher than in group 12. 3） The ATGL content in group 10 rose significantly than in group 6,the INS content in groups 3,4,5,2 and 7 rose very significantly than in group 8. The GC content in groups 1 and 2 rose significantly than in groups 9 and 11. The GH content in group 7 rose significantly than in groups 2,4,5,9,10 and 11. In conclusion,the optimum rumen protected fat supplemental levels under the standard protein condition are 5. 0%. The study provided a certain basis in supplementation rumen protected fat for beef cattle production and top grade beef production.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期809-816,共8页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
山西省科技攻关项目(20140311022-2)
山西现代农业生产牛产业技术体系(17-05)
关键词
牛
过瘤胃脂肪
表观消化率
氮沉积
cattle, rumen protected fat, nutrient apparent digestibility, nitrogen retain
