摘要
目的调查金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性。方法收集首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院2014年1月至2016年12月从住院患者标本中分离出763株金黄色葡萄球菌,用全自动微生物分析仪进行鉴定及药敏实验,用WHONET 5.6软件对病原菌资料进行统计分析。结果金黄色葡萄球菌标本主要来自痰液(62.8%)、分泌物(24.8%)、血液(3.7%)和支气管灌洗液(3.7%)等临床标本,科室主要来自重症医学科(29.0%)、普外科(10.7%)、呼吸科(9.3%)、神经外科(8.5%)等科室。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)共检出374株,2014年至2016年MRSA检出率分别为46.6%,58.1%和42.6%,MRSA对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星耐药率均大于80%,对四环素耐药率大于75%,对克林霉素、红霉素、利福平和庆大霉素耐药率分别在45%~55%,60%~70%,45%~85%和50%~70%,其中2015年检出2株对利奈唑胺耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌。结论临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌耐药严重,应加强对其耐药性监测,同时根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。
Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and to provide clinical reference for rational use of antibacterial drugs. Methods A total of 763 Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from various specimens of inpatients in Beijing Luhe Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2014 to November 2016. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Staphylococcus aureus isolates were determined by VITEK full automated microbiology analyzer,and the data of the pathogens were retrospectively analyzed with the use of WHONET 5. 6 software. Results Totally62. 8% of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from sputum,followed by secretion（ 24. 8%）,blood（ 3. 7%）,broncho-alveolar lavage（ 3. 7%）and so on. The distribution of department followed by intensive care unit（ 29. 0%）,general surgery（ 10. 7%）,internal respiration（ 9. 3%）,neurosurgery（ 8. 5%） and so on. A total of 374 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（ MRSA） were detected,and the rate of detection in 2014-2016 were 46. 6%,58. 1% and 42. 6% respectively,during the study period,the resistance of MRSA isolates to ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin were more than 80%,while to tetracycline was more than 75%,the resistance rates of MRSA isolates to clindamycin,erythromycin,rifampicin,gentamicin were 45%-55%,60%-70%,45%-85%,50%-70%,respectively. There were 2 linezolid resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 2015. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of drug resistance due to the high drug resistant rates of Staphylococcus aureus,and antibiotics should be chosen according to the results of drug susceptibility test.
出处
《中国临床药理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期304-306,共3页
The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
