摘要
马兜铃酸广泛地存在于马兜铃科马兜铃属Aristolochia和细辛属Asarum等植物中,由于具有很强的肾脏毒性和对泌尿系统的致癌性而引起了广泛关注。我国于2003—2004年禁止关木通、广防己和青木香的使用,其他的含马兜铃酸中药均按照处方药管理使用。该文检索了近十年发表的有关马兜铃酸含量分析的文献,提示细辛属Asarum药材尤其是其根和根茎中的马兜铃酸含量较低,含细辛的中成药多数未检出马兜铃酸Ⅰ,个别中成药品种可检出微量马兜铃酸Ⅰ。而马兜铃属Aristolochia药材如马兜铃、朱砂莲、寻骨风等药材中的马兜铃酸含量相对较高,含这些药材的中成药马兜铃酸含量研究文献较少。影响中药材及中成药中马兜铃酸含量的因素较多,包括药材的使用部位、药材的产地、炮制方法、提取工艺等。建议重视含马兜铃酸中药尤其是马兜铃属Aristolochia中药的毒性,对相关的饮片和中成药的使用要慎重。加强含马兜铃酸中药的基础研究,选择合适的产地、炮制方法及提取工艺,同时加强相关中药材、饮片及中成药中马兜铃酸含量的监测,以降低用药风险,保证临床用药安全。
Aristolochic acids （AAs） widely exist in such plants as Aristolochia and Asarum. The renal toxicity of AAs as well as its carcinogenicity to urinary system have been widely known. In 2003 and 2004, China prohibited the use of Aristolochiae Radix, Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis and Aristolochiae Fangchi Radix, and required administering other AAs-containing medicines in accordance with the regulations for prescription drugs. In this paper, we retrieved literatures on the content determination of AAs in recent 10 years in China. It suggested that the AAs content is lower in Asarum herb, especially in its roots and rhizomes, and most of which do not show detectable amount of AA-I. Some of traditional Chinese medicines show fairly small amount of detectable AA-I. The AAs content in Aristolochia herb （including Fructus Aristolochiae, kaempfer dutchmanspipe root） is relatively high; however, there are fewer literatures for studying the content determination of AAs in Chinese patent medicines. There were many factors affecting AAs content, including the parts used, origins, processing methods, extraction process. It suggested that we should pay attention to the toxicity of Chinese medicines containing AAs and use these decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicines cautiously. In addition, basic studies for the origins, processing methods and extraction process of Chinese patent medicines containing AAs, as well as supervision and detection of AAs content in traditional Chinese medicinal materials, decoction pieces and Chinese patent medicines shall be strengthened for reducing medication risk and guaranteeing clinical medication safety.
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第24期4679-4686,共8页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(2015ZX09501004)
国家公益性行业科研专项(201507004)
北京市科技计划项目(Z151100000115012
Z161100004916025)
中国中医科学院科技专项(ZZ10025
含马兜铃酸中药专项)
关键词
马兜铃酸
含量
影响因素
aristolochis acids
content
influencing factor
