摘要
目的了解唐山市重点职业人群布鲁菌病(简称布病)发病的危险因素,为制定布病防控措施提供参考依据。方法采用病例对照研究。选取2014年唐山市布病调查点重点职业人群布病筛查中确诊的布病病例和隐性感染病例作为病例组,选择同期同一职业人群中的未患病者作为对照组,对2组人群进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果病例组共107例,其中男性80例、女性27例,年龄以40~69岁为主(占74.77%),文化程度以初中及以下为主(占89.72%)。对照组共680例,其中男性463人、女性217人,年龄以40~69岁为主(占66.32%),文化程度以初中及以下为主(占87.50%)。病例组与对照组性别、年龄、文化程度差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,与羊接触(OR=18.493,95%CI=9.235~37.032)、无使用防护衣或手套(OR=4.319,95%CI=2.412~7.734)、无使用消毒液(OR=3.024,95%CI=1.861~4.913)、饲养环境未定期消毒(OR=4.341,95%CI=2.586~7.288)、接触流产物或为羊接生(OR=2.437,95%CI=1.564~3.799)、接触牲畜时有外伤(OR=2.053,95%CI=1.262~3.340)、吃过病死牲畜(OR=10.911,95%CI=3.500~34.015)、食用未煮熟的畜肉(OR=7.714,95%CI=2.908~20.466)、饮用生奶(OR=6.673,95%CI=2.111~21.091)是布病发病的危险因素,与动物密切接触时采取防护措施(OR=0.402,95%CI=0.243~0.664)是布病发病的保护因素。结论无采取有效的个人防护措施以及不良饮食习惯是布病发病的主要危险因素,加强牲畜检疫和市场监管,开展重点人群监测、健康教育和行为干预,做好个人防护是布病防控的有效措施。
Objective To understand risk factors of brucellosis among the key occupational groups in Tangshan City, so as to provide a reference basis for prevention and treatment of brucellosis. Methods A case-control study was conducted. Cases of confirmed brucellosis and cases of silent infection of brucello- sis were selected from the occupational population in a screening survey of brucellosis in Tangshan City in 2014 as case group; individuals without infection were selected from the same occupational population at the same period as control group. Questionnaire survey was conducted among the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 107 cases were investigated in the case group, including 80 males and 27 females, 74.77% of them were at the age of 40 - 69 years old, and 89.72% had the education level at junior middle school and below. A total of 680 individuals were recruited in the control group, including 463 males and 217 females, 66.32% of them were at the age of 40 -69 years old, and 87.50% had the education level at junior middle school and be- low. There were no significant differences in gender, age and education level between the case group and control group （P 〉 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that contacting with sheep （OR = 18. 493,95 % CI --- 9. 235 - 37. 032）, without using protective clothing or gloves （ OR = 4. 319,95 % CI = 2. 412 -7. 734）, or Without use of disinfectant（ OR = 3. 024,95% CI = 1. 861 -4. 913 ） , without regular disinfection for feeding environment（ OR =4. 341,95% CI = 2. 586 - 7. 288 ）, handling abortion or delive- ring sheep （ OR = 2. 437,95 % CI = 1. 564 - 3. 799 ）, injured skin exposed to animals （ OR = 2. 053,95 % CI --- 1. 262 - 3. 340）, intake of dead animals （ OR = 10. 911,95% CI = 3. 500 - 34. 015 ）, eating under- cooked meat（ OR = 7. 714,95% CI = 2. 908 -20. 466）, and drinking raw milk（ OR = 6. 673,95% C1 = 2. 111 -21. 091 ）were risk facto
出处
《华南预防医学》
2017年第6期533-537,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
