摘要
目的了解宁夏人间布鲁氏菌病(布病)时空聚集特点及职业人群发病危险因素,为指导防控工作提供参考依据。方法对传染病报告信息管理系统中2018—2022年宁夏人间布病发病率进行流行病学描述,采用ArcGIS 10.8软件SaTScan进行时空聚集性分析;在盐池县、红寺堡区等10个重点县区随机抽取312名布病患者,按1∶1配对原则选取315人作为对照,采用logistic条件回归对危险因素进行分析。结果2018年宁夏人群发病率24.15/10万,2022年上升到86.83/10万,上升了259.54%。人间布病发病率呈聚集性分布(P<0.05),2018—2020年“高—高聚集区”(热点地区)均为盐池县,2021年热点地区增至红寺堡区、盐池县、西吉县、平罗县、同心县和中宁县6个县区,2022年热点地区增至盐池县、红寺堡区、同心县、泾源县、西吉县、平罗县、彭阳县、中宁县、海原县、原州区10个县区。喂养家畜、处理流产物、剥病死畜皮会增加感染布病的风险(P<0.05)。及时打扫圈舍、羊只接种疫苗、戴口罩及手套接触羊只会有效降低感染布病的风险(P<0.05)。结论宁夏人间布病疫情发展势头凶猛,流行具有明显的聚集性。提示应加强重点地区、重点人群布病健康教育与行为干预等综合防控工作。
Objective To investigate the spatiotemporal aggregation characteristics of human brucellosis and the risk factors of the occupational population in Ningxia and to provide a reference basis for guiding the prevention and control work.Methods Epidemiological description of the incidence of human brucellosis in Ningxia from 2018 to 2022 in the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System was carried out,and spatiotemporal aggregation was analyzed by using the ArcGIS 10.8 software SaTScan.A total of 312 patients with brucellosis were randomly selected from 10 key counties,including Yanchi county and Hongsibao district.315 healthy individuals were selected as controls based on a 1:1 matching principle.Logistic conditional regression was used to analyze the risk factors.Results The population prevalence in Ningxia was 24.15/100000 in 2018,rising to 86.83/100000 in 2022,an increase of 259.54%from 2018.The incidence rate of human brucellosis showed a clustered distribution(P<0.05).The"high-high concentration areas"(hot spots)were all in Yanchi County from 2018 to 2020.In 2021,the hot areas increased to 6 counties,including Hongsibao Fort District,Yanchi County,Xiji County,Pingluo County,Concentric County and Zhongning County,and in 2022,the hot areas increased to 10 counties,including Yanchi County,Hongsibao District,Concentric County,Jinyuan County,Xiji County,Pingluo County,Panyang County,Zhongning County,Haiyuan County and Yuanzhou District.Feeding livestock,handling miscarriages and peeling dead animals increased the risk of infection with brucellosis(P<0.05).Timely cleaning of enclosures,vaccination of sheep and wearing masks and gloves to contact sheep were effectively reduce the risk of infection with brucellosis(P<0.05).Conclusion The epidemic of human brucellosis in Ningxia is on the rising with a fierce momentum,and the epidemic has obvious clustering.It is suggested to strengthen the health education and behavioral intervention for brucellosis in key areas and populations.
作者
吴向林
刘煊
齐蓉婷
闫芳
段红菊
马天波
WU Xianglin;LIU Xuan;QI Rongting;YAN Fang;DUAN Hongju;MA Tianbo(Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,China)
出处
《宁夏医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第12期1094-1097,共4页
Ningxia Medical Journal
基金
宁夏卫生健康委适宜技术推广项目(2022NWDY011)。
关键词
布鲁氏菌病
时空聚集性
危险因素
Brucellosis
Spatio-temporal aggregation
Risk factors
