摘要
遗体捐献决定权是公民自主权的一种,其在遗体捐献制度中具有核心地位。公民成为遗体捐献决定权主体是历史演变之结果。梳理相关医学史发现,这一进程历经了遗体捐献决定权主体从无到有、从国家到公民的演变,其体现了法律父权对医疗父权的胜利、人权对神权的胜利以及权利对权力的胜利。目前,我国遗体捐献决定权由公民掌控,公权力无权干涉。而当公众遗体捐献过少严重影响医学教学与研究时,对遗体捐献自主权、公权力可否介入遗体捐献决定权以及立法可否赋予遗体捐献与火化(或土葬)同等法律地位再作理论探讨,便成为必要。
The autonomy of body donation is a key issue in body donation. It is a power of self-decision of citizens, which is the result of historical evolution. The medical history has experienced the establishment of the subject of body donation, which transformed from the state to the citizen, reflecting the precedence of legal paternalism over medical paternalism, human right over theocracy, and citizen right over public power. At present, the decision right of body donation in China is belonged to the citizen. If the body donation remains too little to help the medical teaching and research, it is necessary to discuss the self-decision of body donation, whether public authority can intervene in the body donation decision and whether the law can give the body donations and cremation （or burial） the same legal status.
出处
《医学与哲学（A）》
北大核心
2017年第12期66-69,共4页
Medicine & Philosophy:Humanistic & Social Medicine Edition
基金
2015年国家社会科学基金项目(15BFX033)
2015年江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2015SJB161)
2014年南京医科大学人文医学协同创新中心志友文化专项课题(2014XTCX02)
关键词
遗体捐献
自主权
公权力
无主遗体
body donation, autonomy, public power, unclaimed corpse
