摘要
参与分配制度既包括如何实现普通债权人公平受偿,同时也包括清偿优先债权;在执行分配程序中,我国应当确立优先债权职权清偿、群团优先主义、合并执行等原则和制度;因我国采用涂销主义,享有担保物权等优先债权人无需取得执行依据即可优先清偿,法院也应当依职权清偿优先权;普通债权参与分配原则上须取得执行依据且提出申请,但允许有例外情形;债权人申请启动参与分配程序,或者申请参与正在进行的分配程序,如果执行法院不予准许的,应当赋予债权人程序救济权;对参与分配方案提出异议,如果异议事项为法院作出的生效裁判,既可以提起参与分配异议之诉,也可以提起撤销之诉来救济其权利;如果异议事项为仲裁裁决、赋予执行力的公证债权文书等,可以提起参与分配异议之诉;参与分配异议程序中,不宜通过再审程序救济。
The system of participating in the property distribution aims to make fair compensation among ordinary creditor and pay off privileged debts. In the procedure of execution,China should establish doctrines like privileged debts paid first,group prioritization and concurrent execution. Due to the Doctrine of Obliteration in China,the privileged creditors having real rights granted by way of security could be paid first even if the execution basis has not been obtained. The court also has the authority to make the privileged creditors paid. Ordinary creditors participating in the distribution of property generally should have execution basis and applications,but with some exceptions. The creditors applying to start the procedure of participating,or applying to participate in the undergoing procedure,should be provided with access to justice if their applications are denied by the execution court. If participants raise an objection to the distribution scheme which has been an effective judgment of the courts,they could either bring a suit of objection to execution or a suit of revocation. If the matter being objected is an arbitration decision or an enforceable notarized document of obligation on creditors' rights,the litigants could file a suit of objection to execution. In the objection procedure of participating in the distribution of property,retrial may not be suitable for its remedy.
出处
《苏州大学学报（法学版）》
2017年第4期117-130,共14页
Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition
关键词
参与分配
普通债权
优先权
异议救济
Participating in the Distribution of Property
Ordinary Creditors
Privileged Creditors
Objection Remedy
