摘要
利用Comsol有限元仿真软件建立特高压直流输电线路和人体的三维模型,主要分析了输电线路产生的静电场和离子流作用下产生的合成电场两种情况下人体电场效应;以及在不同的风速下合成电场对人体电场效应。结果表明:在合成电场下:人体周围、人体内部以及头部的电场最大值均是静电场情况下的2.7倍左右,说明离子流作用下增加的电场是不可忽略的;并且对人体产生更大的作用。不同的风速情况下人体周围、人体内部以及头部的电场是不同的;风速逐渐增大,其电场值逐渐减小,说明在风速作用下,人体周围的离子流发生了变化并减小;且也减小了合成电场的大小,进而对人体的作用也变小。根据国际非电离辐射防护委员会(international commission on non-ionizing radiation protection,ICNIRP)导则限值对比分析,静电场和合成电场下人体内部电场最大值均超过普通民众限值和专业人员限值;而两种情况下的人体头部电场最大值在普通民众限值内,但是对于长期居住在特高压直流输电线路周边的居民会有一定的健康风险;因此在实际建设中需采取一定的降低电磁暴露防护措施或者避免穿越居民区。
Three-dimensional model of UHVDC transmission lines and the simplified human body model were established in the finite element software Comsol. The electric field distributions in human body were obtained by considering both the electrostatic field and the total electric field. The total electric field consists of normal electrostatic field and ion flow field. Dependence of electric field distributions in human body on total electric field with different wind speed were also investigated. Results show that the maximum values of electric fields in both body tissues and the surrounding air caused by total electric field is about 2. 7 times higher than that by the electrostatic field. It suggests that the ion flow field should not be ignored as it has a greater effect on the human body. The total electric fields with different wind speeds have direct effects on the electric field distributions in both body tissues and the surrounding air. The electric field in body tissues decreases with increasing the wind speed. It means with increasing the wind speed,the electric field in body tissues will be decreased. Compared to the guidelines of the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection（ ICNIRP）,the maximum values of electric field in body tissues exceed the basic restriction for both public and occupational exposures. However,electric field in head tissues did not exceed the exposure limits for both cases. From long-term point of view,there may have some kind of health risks for people who live in the area near the UHVDC transmission lines. From practical point of view,actual protective measures should be implemented during the UHVDC construction to avoid or reduce the electromagnetic exposure through the residential area.
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2017年第25期227-234,共8页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51567015)资助
关键词
特高压直流输电
合成电场
离子流密度
人体
UHVDC power transmission total electric field ion current density human body
