摘要
本文通过对异质性企业贸易理论的探讨,构建可变贸易成本与生产率联合异质性的一般均衡模型,解释异质性企业贸易理论的产品多样性、社会福利以及企业选择的基础理论问题。研究发现,Melitz模型的参数限制区间在生产率无上界的帕累托分布下存在,在有上界的帕累托分布中消失;对社会福利的分解证明了自由贸易度提高会降低总的开放经济产品多样性。存在异质性可变贸易成本拓展模型,证明了市场分割未必会阻碍社会福利的增长。此外,可变贸易成本的提高会显著提升企业出口概率,从而社会福利的增长机制会出现与Melitz模型不一致的情况。
In this paper, we discuss the heterogeneous firm theory and construct a general equilibrium model including variable trade cost and diversified productivity rate to explain fundamental problems of product diversity, social welfare and firm selection in heterogeneous emprise theory. Our research demon- strates that parameters＇ interval in Melitz model exists in Pareto distributions without an upper bound, and disappears in Pareto distributions with an upper bound. The decomposition of social welfare indicates that an increase in the level of trade freedom, which can raise average productivity, will reduce the product di- versity in an open economy, implying that the social welfare may go to the opposite direction when the vari- able trade costs are lowered to a certain degree. Firms＇ selection effect depends on two conditions-one is that critical export productivity is strictly larger than domestic critical productivity, and the other one is that manufacturing-and export-related variables are homogenous. Market segmentation is not necessarily an im- pediment to the social welfare growth, thanks to the existence of the extension model of heterogeneous varia- ble trade costs. The empirical study shows that variable trade costs will significantly raise a firm＇s export probability, and therefore the mechanism of social welfare＇s growth may be inconsistent with Melitz＇s model.
出处
《世界经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第10期72-92,共21页
The Journal of World Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目"中国贸易增值分解与国内价值链延伸"的资助
