摘要
目的评估2003-2016年基于学校开展的艾滋病健康教育工作,在提升大学生艾滋病知识认知水平、转变歧视态度和促进行为改变等方面的效果。方法于2003、2008、2012和2016年,对医学院1~4年级本科学生开展问卷调查,四次共调查5 165名学生。根据调查数据分析艾滋病相关认知、态度和安全套使用率等方面的变化趋势,采用Logistic回归分析评估干预工作效果。结果在2003-2016年间,大学生艾滋病知识掌握率由59.6%逐步上升至94.1%,对家人艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染或同学HIV感染持歧视态度的比例则分别由58.3%和49.4%逐渐下降至26.8%和21.3%,接受艾滋病健康教育的比例由37.2%上升至54.3%。但安全套坚持使用率维持在较低水平,且未见明显趋势变化。在每一个调查时点,艾滋病健康教育均表现出提高认知水平的作用,但仅在2016年的调查中呈现降低歧视的效果。整个调查期间,健康教育与安全套坚持使用间均未发现联系。结论基于学校的艾滋病健康教育明显提升了大学生对艾滋知识的认知水平,对转变歧视态度也逐渐呈现作用,但在促进安全套使用方面未见明显效果。
Objective To assess the effects of school-based AIDS/HIV related health education in improving knowledge, reducing stigma and promoting safe sexual behavior among college students. Methods Based on the four waves of investigation conducted in 2003, 2008, 2012 and 2016, respectively, we analyzed the data of AIDS/ HIV related knowledge, stigma and sexual behavior, and identified its association with health education through lo- gistic regression model. Results During 2003-2016, the proportion of students who had ever accepted health educa- tion was rising from 37.2% in 2003 to 54.3% in 2016, and students who could correctly answer 6 or more out of 8 questions on HIV transmission or prevention were rising from 59.6 % to 94.1%. Meanwhile, students having stig- ma attitudes towards HIV-infection family members or schoolmates were decreasing from 58.3% and 49.4% to 26.8% and 21.3%, respectively. However, the frequency of condom use remained low and did not have noticeable changes during the whole period. A significant association between health education and knowledge was observed each year of investigation, and also between health education and stigma attitudes in 2016. Conclusion The school- based AIDS/HIV related health education plays an important role in improving knowledge in recent years, and grad- ually shows efficacy in eliminating stigma, but there is no obvious effects in promoting health behavior.
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期225-228,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
基金
2015年四川省省财艾滋病防治社会动员项目(2015-A-4)~~
关键词
大学生
艾滋病
健康教育
效果分析
AIDS
College students
Health education
Effect analysis
