摘要
二元主义、新马克思主义和新自由主义理论分别从经济发展、全球贸易、政府管制等视角解释了非正规就业的形成机制,但三大理论在中国情境下的适用性仍缺乏全面检验。为此,本文通过分层广义线性模型处理嵌套数据和非正规就业群体的异质性问题。研究发现:从事非正规就业的概率与经济增速存在正向关联,但会随经济发展水平的提高而显著下降;全球贸易对非正规受雇群体的扩大具有显著影响,而当经济发展和人力资本水平提升时,正向影响将逐步减弱并转为负向,但该影响对非正规自雇就业并不显著;有限且有为的亲商型政府未能减少非正规受雇就业,唯有亲劳工的政府施政才能加快其体面劳动进程,而行政能力和制度环境的改善会促进非正规自雇群体的正规化。总之,三大理论并不存在冲突或替代关系,而是对不同时期或特定类型的非正规就业群体具有解释力。
Dualism, New Marxism and New Liberalism focused on the forming mechanism of informal employment. Nevertheless, these theories lack comprehensive inspection on Chinese context. Via hierarchical generalized lineal models, this thesis demonstrates that there exists positive relation between economic growth and informal employment which violates Dualism＇ s expectation, but with evaluation of economic development level, the probability of informal employment would decline. As New Marxism said, international trade has positive effect on the growth of informal employment, while accompanied by economic development and evaluation of human capital, this effect will weaken and finally turn to negative. But this relation only occurs on informal employee. Limited and capable pro-business government can＇t reduce informal employment, but pro-labor government can promote its decent work. The improvement of administrative ability and institutional environment would formalize informal self-employment. In conclusion, three theories don＇t have conflict relationship, but are suitable for different periods or different types of informal employment.
出处
《人口学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第2期88-99,共12页
Population Journal
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目:城镇非正规经济的空间结构与形成机制研究(2016030072)
