摘要
2007/08学年以来,香港政府对非营利幼儿园实施了包括学前教育学券计划、一笔过发展津贴、幼儿园及幼儿中心学费减免计划、非营利幼儿园租金发还计划等在内的系列资助政策,同时对学前教育课程、校长和教师专业发展、幼儿园质量审核等提出了更高要求。由于这些资助政策的指导思想是引导学前教育向公益性方向发展,促进教育公平,同时将资助与经费监管、质量保障、师资队伍专业提升相结合,所以实施8年以来总体上实现了预期目标。目前存在的主要问题是政府管理与保持学前教育多元化特点之间的矛盾、市场选择与学前教育专业自主之间的矛盾,以及非营利幼儿园之间的竞争加剧,可通过建立本地幼儿园之间的交流机制和实施国际化策略,营建政府、家长、非营利幼儿园三方共同合作的环境,对表现欠佳的幼儿园在一定期限内给予更多的支援和帮助等措施予以解决。借鉴香港的经验,我国大陆对于幼儿园的管理至少应注意以下四个方面:对营利性和非营利性民办幼儿园进行分类管理;加大对非营利幼儿园的财政投入,减轻非营利组织创办幼儿园的经济压力;帮助非营利幼儿园提升质量,并制定质量保障系统予以监督;健全非营利幼儿园财务管理机制,促使其加强自我财务监督,保证各项运营开支公开、透明,增强信息披露,赢得公众信任。
Since the 2007/08 academic year, the Hong Kong Government has made many policies for the non-profit kindergartens, such as Pre-primary Education Voucher Scheme, Lump Sum Grant, Kindergarten and Child Care Centre Fee Remission Scheme and Non-profit Kindergartens Rent Reim- bursement Plan Funding Policy. Apart from these policies, the government has increased the standards of pre-school curriculum, principals and teachers＇ professional development, and preschool education quality. Till now, these series of policies have been implemented for eight years, and in general, the Hong Kong Government has achieved the desired objectives. But there are also some problems, including the contradiction between the government management and conservation of the diversified characteristics of pre-school education, the contradiction between market selection and the professional autonomy of pre-primary education, and the increased competition among non-profit kindergartens, etc. These problems can be solved by establishing communication mechanisms and international strategies among local nurseries, constructing a tripartite cooperative environment of government, parents, and non-profit kindergartens, and giving more support and help to the kindergartens with the poor performances in a certain period. Learning from the experience of Hong Kong, Chinese mainland government could manage kindergartens in four aspects. The first is to classify the for-profit kindergartens and non-profit private kindergartens. The second is to increase financial input to non-profit kindergartens, and alleviate the economic pressure of non-profit organization establishing kindergartens. The third is to improve the quality of the non-profit kindergartens and to establish quality assurance systems, which includes the school self-evaluation and the quality assessment of government. The fourth one is to emphasize the financial management of non-profit kindergartens. Chinese mainland government should improve the financial management mechanism of
出处
《学前教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第7期3-12,共10页
Studies in Early Childhood Education
基金
浙江师范大学高等教育研究基地课题"香港政府对非政府组织参与学前教育的管理研究"
浙江省人文社科教育学重点研究基地资助
关键词
非营利幼儿园
学前教育资助政策
教育经费监管
教育质量保障
non-profit kindergartens, financial subsidy policies for pre-primary education, education funding management, education quality assurance
