摘要
综述了航空硅橡胶的耐高温性能、耐低温性能、导电性能及阻尼性能等的研究现状,发现改善生胶结构(主链、端基、侧基以及分子量)、加入特种耐热添加剂(白炭黑、金属氧化物及其他添加剂)是提高航空硅橡胶耐高温性能的主要途径;调节改性链节类型、含量,破坏硅橡胶分子链的结构规整性是调节航空硅橡胶耐低温性能的主要途径;优选、并用掺杂导电粒子、改进其分散性是提高航空硅橡胶导电性能的主要途径;设计制备大空间位阻的活性聚硅氧烷阻尼剂是提高航空硅橡胶阻尼性能的主要途径。简要介绍了航空硅橡胶在高低温密封、导电和阻尼减振等方面的应用状况,提出高功能化的硅橡胶,如长期高耐热硅橡胶、耐超低温硅橡胶、高电磁屏蔽硅橡胶、高耐疲劳阻尼减振硅橡胶、准恒模量减振硅橡胶、发动机减振氟硅橡胶等特种材料是今后航空硅橡胶未来发展的方向。
The research progress of heat resistance,cold resistance,electrical conductivity and damping properties of aviation silicone rubber were reviewed in this article.The heat resistance properties of silicone rubber can be enhanced by changing the molecular structure（main chain,end-group,side chain and molecular weight） of the gum and adding special heat-resistance filler.The cold resistance of aviation silicone rubber can be enhanced by adjusting the side chain molecular structure of the gum and the content of different gum chain.The electrical conductivity of silicone rubber can be improved by optimizing,blending and dispersing of conductive particles.The damping property of silicone rubber can be improved by designing and synthesizing of high-molecular polysiloxane damping agent.Furthermore,the application of aviation silicone rubber used in high-low temperature seal,electrical conduction and vibration damping technology are also summarized,and the high performance（for example long-term high temperature resistance,ultralow temperature resistance,high electromagnetic shelding,long-term fatigue resistance vibration damping,quasi constant modulus and so on）of special silicone rubber is the future direction of aviation silicone rubber.
出处
《航空材料学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期79-91,共13页
Journal of Aeronautical Materials
基金
国防基础科研计划资助(A0520131002)
关键词
硅橡胶
耐高温
耐低温
导电性
阻尼性
silicone rubber
heat resistance
cold resistance
electrical conductivity
damping property
