摘要
女性研究是当前国际学术界的热点领域,饭店业是女性从业集中的行业,从性别感知视角探讨饭店女性从业的研究具有较强的理论与现实意义。文章以北京4家内资五星级饭店中的女性员工为研究对象,通过问卷调查和SPSS软件统计分析,探讨饭店女性从业性别感知。研究发现:(1)女性员工的从业动机结构有很明显的性别觉醒意识。女性就业的首要动机是以实现自我价值为核心的追求男女平等和得到社会认可等因素,其次为地方吸引条件和工作本身能给她们带来的激情与乐趣,职业避风港和亲友因素并不是她们就业考虑的重要动力。(2)饭店业女性从业存在程度不一的性别歧视感知,水平职业隔离和玻璃天花板效应感知较为强烈,工资性别差异认同较弱,垂直职业隔离现象较不认同。(3)饭店就业给女性带来了精神和物质双重层面的积极影响。在物质层面,饭店从业给女性带来的能力素质提高和更多就业机会感知最为强烈;在精神层面,女性独立意识的提升得到最强认同。
Women＇ s studies is an increasingly popular field in the international academic community. The hotel industry has a high concentration of female employees, and understanding gender equality from the perspective of this employee population has strong theoretical and practical significance. In this study, we examined perception of gender equality among female employees in four five-star hotels in Beijing. The study was conducted using a survey questionnaire, and data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software to extract themes related to the motivation to work, gender equality perception, and the effect of gender on employment. We hope, through this research, to validate aspects of the extensive theoretical framework of women＇ s studies, to expand the field of tourism employment research, and to enrich hotel human resources research. The study yielded three important findings： （1） Gender consciousness influenced female employees＇ motivation to obtain employment. The primary motivators of employment among participants were the pursuit of equality between men and women through self-fulfillment and the achievement of social recognition. Next, participants were motivated by attractive conditions and the passion and pleasure that a job brings to them. Obtaining a safe working environment and factors related to relatives and friends were not important motivations. （2） Women in the hotel industry reported perceiving different degrees of gender discrimination. Among this research sample, the strongest perception of discrimination was reported regarding horizontal gender segregation. Greater perception of horizontal gender segregation was associated with increasing age, lower education level, professional mismatch, and lower employment position. Regarding their positions within hotels, female employees were mostly concentrated in reception, guest room cleaning, catering services, and similar posts, whereas other hotel jobs were male dominated （e.g., kitchen, security, maintenance）. Therefore, participants�
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第9期63-71,共9页
Tourism Tribune
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"自然观光地旅游从业移民空间行为
动力机制及区域社会经济影响研究--以九寨沟
黄山为例"(41271172)资助~~
关键词
女性员工
从业动机
从业性别歧视
从业性别影响
饭店业
female employees
motivation to work
sexism on employment
effect of gender onemployment
hospitality industry
