摘要
在特大城市人们对市民权享有基础所持的权利观念是一个重要研究议题。理论上,基于户籍的市民权是一种集体特权,而基于贡献的市民权是一种个体特权,均与宪法意义上的公民权存在差别,这构成了户籍制度和地域流动背景下的多元权利观念及冲突。调查发现,人们普遍认同市民权是特权而非公民权,但对市民权是否户籍权的意见并不一致,因此将市民权与户籍简单挂钩的做法值得商榷,但强调权利义务对等原则的市民权赋权逻辑具有较高的民意基础。虽然"土客"都认同市民权是一种特权,但存在着集体特权和个体特权的冲突,需要解决哪一种权利有优先性的问题。从影响因素看,制度、移民和市场身份都显著影响人们对市民权权利基础的态度。
In big cities, people＇s attitude towards ideas of citizenship＇s basis is an important subject. Theoretically, it is a kind of collective privilege when citizenship is based on the Hukou and individual privilege when based on contributions. Both of them are different from citizenship as stipulated in the national constitution. Thus, there emerge multiright and their conflicts in the dual context of Hukou institution and migration on a large scale. Statistics show that people universally agree that citizenship is a kind of privilege instead of universal right. But people have not reached a consensus on whether citizenship is a kind of Hukou privilege. So it is questionable that citizenship must be based on Hukou, whereas the notion that citizenship needs a kind of equity is quite well accepted among the general public. Although the logic of privilege has been accepted, there are conflicts between the collective privilege and the individual privilege as well as the question of which privilege is prior. Nowadays, the Hukou institution, identity of the migrant and individual performance in the market all influence considerably people＇s attitude towards ideas about citizenship.
出处
《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第4期59-66,共8页
Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition
基金
2013年度上海市哲学社会科学规划课题"新‘土客’关系中的权利冲突和化解途径研究"(项目编号:2013BSH005)
2012年度国家社会科学基金重大项目"新生代农民工群体研究"(项目编号:12&ZD080)
关键词
市民权
公民权
个体特权
集体特权
外来人口
urban-citizenship
citizenship
individual privilege~ collective privilege
migrant
